Determination and interpretation of bonded-particle model parameters for simulation of maize kernels

Su, Yuan; Yang, Xu; Cui, Tao; Gao, Xiaowei; Xia, Guoyi; Li, Yibo; Qiao, Mengmeng

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.08.022

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Finally, the elastic modulus of tomato mesocarp tissue was estimated by Equation (9) (Li et al, 2016; Singh & Reddy, 2006).

E_{normalc} = \frac{L F_{cmax}}{∆ Lwl} .

To simplify the compression simulation analysis of the DE model for mesocarp tissue blocks, the following assumptions were made: (1) the cell particles of mesocarp tissue blocks were homogeneous and isotropic solid materials, and the interaction of coefficients of friction between cell particles was limited during the linear elastic deformation of the compressed tissue block, which could be ignored (Su et al, 2021); (2) Bonding parameters (such as normal strength, shear strength, normal stiffness, and shear stiffness) between tomato cells and other agricultural materials such as wheat and maize kernels, were approximately the same (Zeng et al, 2019), and the effects of bonding parameters on the macroscopic biomechanical properties of mesocarp tissue block pieces were ignored.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the correlation between mesocarp biomechanics and its cell turgor pressure: A combined FEM‐DEM investigation for irrigation‐caused tomato cracking

Liu

Fadiji

et al. 2022

Journal of Texture Studies

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Fruit mesocarp cracking caused by improper irrigation during development manifests at the macroscale but is ultimately the result of increasing cell turgor pressure at the microscale. Hence, a cell finite element (FE) model including shape, protoplast turgor pressure, and ripening information and a mesocarp tissue block discrete element (DE) model including the features of cell shape and number, were developed to predict the biomechanical correlation between mesocarp and its cell. The validated cell FE model with an internal turgor pressure of 12.9 kPa could reproduce the experimental force-deformation behavior of a single cell in compression up to 11% deformation with an average relative error of 5.8%. The validated mesocarp tissue block DE model could reproduce the experimental force-deformation behavior of a mesocarp block in compression up to 20% deformation with an average relative error of 9.5%. Sensitivity and regression analysis showed that turgor pressure was the most important factor affecting cell biomechanics, followed by cell shape and wall elastic modulus. Similarly, the apparent elastic modulus of the cells has the most significant effect on the mesocarp tissue biomechanics, followed by the number and shape of cells. Finally, a mathematical model was obtained to quantitatively describe the relationship between the elastic modulus of the mesocarp and its cell turgor pressure.This study contributes to a better understanding of the biomechanical mechanisms of irrigation-caused tomato fruit cracking at the cellular level and the development of strategies to prevent fruit cracking through a combination of gene breeding and irrigation management.

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“…Finally, the elastic modulus of tomato mesocarp tissue was estimated by Equation (9) (Li et al, 2016; Singh & Reddy, 2006).

E_{normalc} = \frac{L F_{cmax}}{∆ Lwl} .

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the correlation between mesocarp biomechanics and its cell turgor pressure: A combined FEM‐DEM investigation for irrigation‐caused tomato cracking

Liu

Fadiji

et al. 2022

Journal of Texture Studies

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“…808 maize is selected as material in the experiments, as shown in Figure 1a. This variety of maize is widely grown in the Huanghuaihai region of China (Su et al, 2021). The length of the maize ear is 172 to 204 mm, and the average diameter is 49.5 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the objective system of multiple cropping in 1 year has posed a completely new challenge for threshing operations (Chen et al, 2020;Cui et al, 2019). Specifically, due to the rush to plant next season's cereals, the grains have to be harvested at a high moisture content (>25%), which leads to broken grains in the threshing process (Gu et al, 2019;Su et al, 2021Su et al, , 2022. Grain breakage exacerbates food loss and threatens the safety of grain storage (Cao et al, 2018;Han et al, 2016Han et al, , 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreasing grain processing breakage with a novel flexible threshing system: Multivariate optimization and wear investigation

Fan

Yang

et al. 2022

Food Processing Preservation

Self Cite

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Decreasing grain processing breakage in traditional rigid threshing units is key to achieving mechanical harvesting with high quality. This work optimizes a novel flexible threshing system with ethylene propylene diene monomer composite nail teeth by a combined experiment-SEM approach. The grain breakage characteristics and parametric ranges under different variables in this system are analyzed. The effects of threshing time on the wear rate, macrostructure, and micromorphology of the rubber layer of ethylene propylene diene monomer composite nail teeth are examined.The results indicate that this system reduces the grain breakage rate in traditional threshing units by 45.96%. Grain breakage rates decrease first and then increase with increasing rotational speed and obliquity of the cylinder. Breakage rate is inversely proportional to concave clearance and positively proportional to feeding rate. The wear rate of the rubber layer decreases first and then increases as threshing time increases. Macroscopically, fine cracks distributed differently, laterally, and vertically evolve into divergent pits. Microscopically, fish-scale wearing marks change into faults with varying morphology. Practical applicationsBased on a self-made threshing system with ethylene propylene diene monomer composite nail teeth, the elastic collision and flexible threshing of corn during threshing are realized in this study. By optimizing the process parameters of the threshing system and analyzing the wear performance of the nail teeth, the breakage rates and non-threshing rates of grains in the traditional threshing system are reduced. These findings provide a basis for reducing the breakage and loss of agricultural products.

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“…Su Y. [25] found that combinations of factors were important parameters using a Plackette-Burman experimental design. We used the Box-Behnken method to determine static friction between particle-particle interactions and the coefficient of rolling friction.…”

Section: Fertilizer Particle and Interaction Properties Determination...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Material and Interaction Properties of Granular Fertilizer Particles Using DEM Simulation and Bench Testing

Lei,

Wu,

Deng

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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The discrete element method (DEM) is an effective tool for obtaining qualitative and quantitative information on particle motion, which aids in the design and optimization of agricultural equipment structures. The accuracy of the DEM simulation parameters significantly impacts the simulation results. This study employed a combination of high-speed camera measurement, DEM simulation, and validation tests to determine the material and interaction property parameters for fertilizer particles. The basic parameters (triaxial size, bulk density, density, and coefficient of static friction) and coefficients of restitution between fertilizer and material were measured for three fertilizer varieties. There was a significant difference in the angle of repose between various material plates and fertilizer particles. The calibration values of coefficients of restitution and coefficients of rolling friction between fertilizer particles were optimized using the Box–Behnken method. The angle of repose was significantly affected by the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of rolling friction between the fertilizer particles. The determined values for the coefficient of restitution, coefficient of static friction, and coefficient of rolling friction between the fertilizer particles were 0.323, 0.381, and 0.173, respectively. The error in the angle of the repose test was less than 3.0%, and the variation coefficient for each row consistency was less than 1.68 percentage points under the optimal simulation parameters. DEM simulations of the angle of repose and each row consistency variation coefficient test using the measured parameters can accurately predict the experimental results. The findings of this paper provide a theoretical basis for the DEM study of fertilizer particles.

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Determination and interpretation of bonded-particle model parameters for simulation of maize kernels

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Analysis of the correlation between mesocarp biomechanics and its cell turgor pressure: A combined FEM‐DEM investigation for irrigation‐caused tomato cracking

Analysis of the correlation between mesocarp biomechanics and its cell turgor pressure: A combined FEM‐DEM investigation for irrigation‐caused tomato cracking

Decreasing grain processing breakage with a novel flexible threshing system: Multivariate optimization and wear investigation

Determination of Material and Interaction Properties of Granular Fertilizer Particles Using DEM Simulation and Bench Testing

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