Determination and health risk assessment of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) in different brands of pasteurized milk

Feizi, Rozhan; Hamidi, Farshad; Jaafarzadeh, Nematollah; Ghahrchi, Mina; Zafarzadeh, Ali

doi:10.1080/03067319.2020.1817908

Cited by 13 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and immature blood-brain barrier in children increase the load of heavy metals in children (38). Inconsistent with our results, Feizi et al (35) determined the health risk index through consumption of pasteurized milk samples and reported no health risk associated with the milk samples. In another research in Aswan, the hazard quotient caused by buffalo, cow, and goat milk consumption was 0.6, 0.4, and 0.2, respectively for daily intake of lead that confirmed that the consumption of different kinds of milks had no health risk for Aswan people (39).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

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Determination of Lead Level in Pasteurized Milk and Dairy Products Consumed In Tehran and Evaluation of Associated Health Risk

et al. 2021

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Background: Milk and dairy products are the main sources of essential nutrients particularly for children. However, milk and dairy products can be contaminated with chemical hazards and contaminants which pose serious health risks for consumers. These toxic compounds are entered into the food chain through contaminated soil, water, and air and their presence even at low levels would result in metabolic disorders. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the level of lead in pasteurized milk and different dairy products in high-consumed brands in Tehran. Methods: A total of 38 samples (18 pasteurized milk and 20 dairy products from the most-consumed brands) were analyzed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy for quantification of lead level. Hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) were used to assess health risk and carcinogenic risk. Results: The results showed that the levels of lead in all pasteurized milk samples and dairy products were below the allowable limit. HQ was less than 1 in all samples and CR was in the range of 10-8 to 10-7 and both were at acceptable levels. Conclusions: It can be concluded that there was no risk of carcinogenicity in pasteurized milk samples and dairy products for children and adults. However, due to the higher consumption of milk by children and their greater susceptibility, the level of heavy metals should be monitored by health agencies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…than the Codex limit (35). Also, researchers have found that the amount of heavy metals in the soil directly affects their levels in animal feed and milk (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Lead Level in Pasteurized Milk and Dairy Products Consumed In Tehran and Evaluation of Associated Health Risk

et al. 2021

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“…In a recent study, Feizi et al . (2020) determined the levels of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in 60 samples of four different brands of pasteurised milk consumed in Gorgan city (Iran). The mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were 0.02 and 0.023 µg/g, respectively.…”

Section: Concentrations Of As CD Hg and Pb In Cow Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) in cow milk: A review of the recent scientific literature

Domingo

2021

Int J of Dairy Tech

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A continued intake of milk with certain contents of environmental pollutants/toxicants can mean health risks for the consumers. This paper is mainly focused on reviewing recent studies on the concentrations of As, Cd, Hg and Pb in cow milk of different countries. As expected, notable differences in the metal levels in cow milk samples, depending on the countries and the specific areas of collection, have been found. In general terms, based on the studies here reviewed, human exposure to As, Cd, Hg and Pb by frequent consumption of cow milk should not mean significant health risks for the consumers.

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“…Moreover, raw milk is prone to contamination with metals in the factory during different milking processes, including equipment contamination. These metals are somewhat reduced by such procedures as fat separation during pasteurization and sterilization processes, but they are not removed completely [ 12 , 17 ]. Although, pasteurization has remained as an efficient treatment method to eliminate contaminants, many infectious diseases, associated with pasteurized milk occur in raw milk with an exaggerated contamination of chemical and biological compound [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of heavy metals in pasteurized and sterilized milk and health risk assessment across the globe: A systematic review

Alinezhad,

Hashemi,

Tavakoly Sany

2024

PLoS ONE

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Objective Although milk and dairy products are almost complete food, they can contain toxic heavy elements with potential hazards for consumers. This review aims to provide a comprehensive report on the occurrence, concentration, and health risks of selected heavy metals in pasteurized and sterilized milk recorded worldwide. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was used to develop this systematic review. Databases included the Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Scientific Information Database, Google Scholar, and PubMed from inception until January 2023. Keywords related to the terms “Heavy metals”, “Arsenic” and “Pasteurized and sterilized milk” and “Risk Assessment” were used. The potential health risks to human health from milk daily consumption were estimated using extracted data on heavy metals concentration based on metal estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient, and carcinogenic risk. Results A total of 48 potentially relevant articles with data on 981 milk samples were included in the systematic review. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry were the most common valid methods to measure heavy metals in milk samples. Following the initial evaluation, Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb were the most contaminants, which exceeded the maximum permissible criteria in 94%, 67%, 62%, and 46% of the milk samples tested. Relying on target hazard quotient and carcinogenic risk results, milk consumers in 33(68.75%) and 7 (14.5%) studies were exposed to moderate to high levels of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk, respectively. The highest level of risk is due to the consumption of pasteurized and sterilized milk detected in Pakistan, Brazil, Egypt, Slovakia, and Turkey. Conclusion The elevated levels of heavy metals in milk samples, especially Pb and Cd is a public health concern; therefore, maximum control and strict regulations must be adopted to decrease heavy metals contaminants in the dairy industry. Further studies are required to develop safe milk processing and handling methods for the decontamination of heavy metals in milk and its products.

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Determination and health risk assessment of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) in different brands of pasteurized milk

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Determination of Lead Level in Pasteurized Milk and Dairy Products Consumed In Tehran and Evaluation of Associated Health Risk

Determination of Lead Level in Pasteurized Milk and Dairy Products Consumed In Tehran and Evaluation of Associated Health Risk

Concentrations of toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) in cow milk: A review of the recent scientific literature

Concentration of heavy metals in pasteurized and sterilized milk and health risk assessment across the globe: A systematic review

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