Determinants of the lung microbiome in intubated premature infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Brewer, Mariana R.; Maffei, Diana; Cerise, Jane E.; Ahn, Seungjun; DeVoti, James; Codipilly, Champa N; Lee, Annette; Weinberger, Barry

doi:10.1080/14767058.2019.1681961

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…5 A single previous study surveying the cross-over between the oral and lung microbiota of preterm infants in relation to BPD also found dominant genera that were observed in our study. 6 In this study, these pathogens were highly abundant in oral samples at the first time point but reduced in abundance by the second time point. Interestingly, we observed Corynebacterium at high abundance in the mouth of infants with BPD, which has also been observed at high abundance in the lungs of infants with severe BPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…1 For example, underdeveloped lungs often require oxygen, surfactants, and mechanical ventilation, which cause further damage to the lungs, and contribute to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). 2 Pathogens, such as Ureaplasma, 3 Streptococcus anginosus, 4 and Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus), 5 have been identified in the mouth and lungs of individuals with BPD 6 and can cause infections that lead to sepsis or pneumonia, 1 although the specific causes that underpin these diseases remain an active area of research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variable preterm oral microbiome stabilizes and reflects a full-term infant profile within three months

et al. 2023

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Background Preterm infants suffer higher morbidity and mortality rates compared to full-term infants, but little is known about how changes to oral and respiratory tract microbiota may impact disease development. Methods Here, very preterm neonates (n = 50) were selected to study oral and respiratory microbiota development during the first few months post-birth, where 26 individuals were diagnosed with BPD and/or sepsis. These infants were compared to 14 healthy full-term infants and 16 adults. Microbiota diversity, composition, and species abundances were calculated from 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences in buccal swabs and tracheal aspirates at two time points (within a week and 1–3 months post-birth). Results Collection time point was the biggest factor to significantly influence the preterm oral microbial diversity and composition. In addition, BPD and sepsis were linked to distinct preterm oral microbiota diversity and composition, and opportunistic pathogens previously associated with these diseases were identified in the initial sample for both healthy preterm neonates and those with the disease. Compared to the full-term infant and adult dataset, preterm infant diversity and composition was initially significantly different, but resembled full-term infant diversity and composition over time. Conclusion Overall, consequences of microbiota development need further examination in preterm infant infections and later development. Impact Non-gut microbiota research on preterm infants is limited. At one week post-birth, preterm infants harbor distinct oral microbiota that are not shared with full-term children or adults, eventually becoming similar to full-term infants at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. DNA from potential opportunistic pathogens was observed in the mouth and lungs of preterm infants within a week of birth, and microbes associated with BPD were identified in the lungs. Oral microbiota in preterm infants over the first 2–3 months is unique and may be connected to short- and long-term health outcomes in these children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable preterm oral microbiome stabilizes and reflects a full-term infant profile within three months

et al. 2023

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“…Seven studies excluded participants if they had congenital anomalies. 12,[17][18][19][20][21][22] Study designs are presented in ►Table 1, with nine conducting longitudinal, prospective cohort studies. Studies took place in the United States, 12,16,18,20,21,23,24 England, 14 Vienna, 22 China, 19,25 Italy, 13 and Brazil.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studies and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of the Oral Microbiome in Preterm Infants

Koerner,

Bendixen,

Monk

et al. 2023

Am J Perinatol

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The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the oral microbiome composition in preterm infants, sampling and collection methods, as well as exposures associated with oral microbiome composition and health implications. We conducted a scoping review of the literature using the Arskey and O'Malley framework. We identified a total of 13 articles which met our inclusion criteria and purpose of this scoping review. Articles included in this review compared the oral microbiome in preterm infants to term infants, examined alterations to the oral microbiome over time, compared the oral microbiome to different body site microbiomes, and explored associations with clinically relevant covariates and outcomes. Exposures associated with the diversity and composition of the oral microbiome in preterm infants included delivery mode, oral feeding, oropharyngeal care, skin-to-skin care, and antibiotics. Day of life and birth weight were also associated with oral microbiome composition. The oral microbiome may be associated with the composition of the tracheal and gut microbiomes, likely due to their proximity. Alpha and beta diversity findings varied across studies as well as the relative abundance of taxa. This is likely due to the different sampling techniques and timing of collection, as well as the wide range of infant clinical characteristics. Multiple factors may influence the composition of the oral microbiome in preterm infants. However, given the heterogeneity of sampling techniques and results within this review, the evidence is not conclusive on the development as well as short- and long-term implications of the oral microbiome in preterm infants and needs to be explored in future research studies. Key Points

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“…It is now known that the respiratory tract is colonized by microbiota, with reports of as many as 10–100 bacterial cells per 1000 human cells, but at present, the normal composition of the neonatal respiratory microbiome is not fully understood [ 2 ]. The lung microbiome observed at birth undergoes changes during the first week of life, leading to the establishment of one or more dominant organisms by day of life (DOL) 7, which continue to evolve over the subsequent months of postnatal life [ 3 ]. There is limited understanding of the mechanisms governing the development and progression of the airway microbiome in premature infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The environment around the fetus, including the amniotic fluid, placenta, and vagina, has a distinct microbiome that could potentially be introduced into the newborn’s respiratory tract before or during birth. While it was previously believed that infants delivered vaginally acquire maternal vaginal flora and those born via cesarean section are primarily colonized with maternal skin flora, it now seems that all fetuses experience initial colonization during the prenatal period [ 3 , 4 ], although the ‘sterile womb’ hypothesis has not yet been completely disproven [ 5 ]. There are several factors that can influence the composition and development of the respiratory microbiome, especially in preterm infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm Infants’ Airway Microbiome: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence

Colombo,

Nava,

Castoldi

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The aim of this scoping review was to investigate and synthesize existing evidence on the airway microbiome of preterm infants to outline the prognostic and therapeutic significance of these microbiomes within the preterm population and identify gaps in current knowledge, proposing avenues for future research. We performed a scoping review of the literature following the Arskey and O’Malley framework. In accordance with our inclusion criteria and the intended purpose of this scoping review, we identified a total of 21 articles. The investigation of the airway microbiome in preterm infants has revealed new insights into its unique characteristics, highlighting distinct dynamics when compared to term infants. Perinatal factors, such as the mode of delivery, chorioamnionitis, the respiratory support, and antibiotic treatment, could impact the composition of the airway microbiome. The ‘gut–lung axis’, examining the link between the lung and gut microbiome as well as modifications in respiratory microbiome across different sites and over time, has also been explored. Furthermore, correlations between the airway microbiome and adverse outcomes, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), have been established. Additional research in neonatal care is essential to understand the early colonization of infants’ airways and explore methods for its optimization. The critical opportunity to shape long-term health through microbiome-mediated effects likely lies within the neonatal period.

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Determinants of the lung microbiome in intubated premature infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Variable preterm oral microbiome stabilizes and reflects a full-term infant profile within three months

Variable preterm oral microbiome stabilizes and reflects a full-term infant profile within three months

A Scoping Review of the Oral Microbiome in Preterm Infants

Preterm Infants’ Airway Microbiome: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence

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