Determinants of Stunting Events in Children Aged 6-23 Months in Locus and Non-Locus Areas in East Luwu Regency

Abstract

Nationally, the prevalence of stunting in children under five in Indonesia is 30.8%. The incidence of stunting varies from region to region. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in the locus and non-loci in East Luwu Regency. This research is an observational analytic study using a cross sectional design. The study population was 858 children aged 6-23 months in five locus villages and five non-locus villages. A sample of 200 people was taken using purposive sampling method, data were analyzed using the chi square test and logistic regression using the SPSS application. The results showed the similarity in terms of parental education in both regions. In general, the father has a job and the mother is a housekeeper. Income levels are higher in locus areas. As much as 43.1% of baduta had stunting at locus area and 22.4% at non locus. The logistic regression test showed that the factors associated with stunting in the locus were family members smoking (p = 0.032), hand washing practices (p = 0.036) and exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.001). Meanwhile, non-locus areas were a history of diarrhea disease (p = 0.049) and hand washing practices (p = 0.052). Combined analysis of locus and non-loci showed that family members smoking (p = 0.005), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.001), frequency of complementary feeding (p = 0.027) and hand washing practices (p = 0.001) were determinants of stunting. The most dominant variable in the locus was exclusive breastfeeding, while non-locus was a history of diarrhea. Conclusion: The determinants of locus stunting are family members smoking, hand washing practices and exclusive breastfeeding. Meanwhile, non-locus areas are a history of diarrhea disease and hand washing practices.

Determinants of stunting in children under five: a scoping review

“…Table 1 shows all the articles included in this research and meet the inclusion criteria published in the 2015-2021 range from various journal databases. 13 Indonesia 858 (6-23 months)…”

“…Table 2 shows the factors influencing the incidence of stunting from numerous reference sources. The research of Parenreng et al 30 and Cruz et al 15 indicates the incidence of children who experience stunting caused by nonexclusive breastfeeding. Infants who were not exclusively breastfed are 6.6 times higher to be stunted.…”

“…The number of the family number who smoked also influence the incidence of stunting (p = 0.005) with the frequency of complementary feeding (p = 0.027), and the practice to wash hand (p = 0.001). 30 The study of Kahssay et al 14 also said that the previous birth spacing was less than 24 months, no follow-up, no access to latrine, not given colostrum, and non-exclusive breastfeeding (are very influential on the incidence of stunting in children under five. Cleanliness and environmental sanitation also affect the incidence of stunting in children among children less than 5 years.…”

Determinants of Stunting in Indonesian Toddlers

“…On the other hand, giving MP-ASI too slowly causes the baby to have difficulty learning to chew, dislike solid food, and the baby is malnourished. 14,17 Mothers provide complementary foods other than breast milk at the age of 0-4 months because the milk that comes out is small while the mother cannot afford to buy baby milk due to economic factors. 15 If MP-ASI is given too early while the baby's intestines are not able to absorb the food, often the baby experiences constipation or has difficulty defecating so that the baby's health is disturbed, it can cause other diseases so that their growth will be disturbed.…”

“…Low-income levels and weak purchasing power make it possible to overcome eating habits in certain ways that hinder effective nutrition improvement, especially for their children. 17 The low income of a family in West Java Province is an obstacle that causes the family to be unable to buy the required amount of food. So that the result of high and low income greatly affects the purchasing power of families for food which ultimately affects the state of both stunting and normal nutrition, especially children under five because at that time a lot of nutrients are needed for the growth and development of children under five in West Java Province.…”