Determinants of stunting among children aged 6 to 59 months in pastoral community, Afar region, North East Ethiopia: unmatched case control study

Abstract

Background: Stunting is defined as a child with a height for-age Z-score less than minus two standard deviations. Globally, 162 million less than 5 years were stunted. In Ethiopia, Nationally the prevalence of stunting among under five children was 38.4% and in Afar it is above the national average (41.1%). This study was aimed to identify determinants of stunting among children aged 6 to 59 months in rural Dubti district, Afar region, North East Ethiopia, 2017. Methods: Community based unmatched case-control study design was conducted among 322 (161 cases and 161 controls) children aged 6 to 59 months from March 2-30/ 2017. Simple random method was used to select 5 kebelles from 13 kebelles. Training was given for data collectors and supervisors. Data were entered to EPI data version 3.02 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used and variables with p-value < 0.25 on univariable binary logistic regression analysis were further analyzed on multivariable binary logistic regression analysis and statistical significance was declared at 95% CI. Results: Being from a mother with no education (AOR = 4.92, 95%CI (1.94, 12.4), preceding birth interval less than 24 months (AOR = 4.94, 95% (2.17, 11.2), no ANC follow-up (AOR = 2.81, 95% (1.1.46, 5.38), no access to latrine (AOR =3.26, 95% CI (1.54-6.94), children born from short mother < 150 cm (AOR = 3.75, 95%CI (1.54, 9.18), not fed colostrum (AOR = 4.45, 95% CI (1.68, 11.8), breast fed for less than 24 months (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI (1.7, 5.79) and non-exclusive breast feeding (AOR = 6.68, 95% (3.1, 14.52) were determinants of stunting at 95% CI. Conclusion: No maternal education, preceding birth interval less than 24 months, no ANC follow-up, no access to latrine, short maternal height, not feeding colostrum, duration of breast feed less than 24 months and nonexclusive breast feeding were determinants of stunting at 95% CI.

Stunted Toddler in Eastern Indonesia

“…Mothers with better education levels are also presumed to have a better understanding of choosing better or risky behaviors (26,27), both for their health and for the health of their children. This finding confirms the results of several previous studies in various countries which inform that poor education mothers increase the risk of children under five to be stunted (18,28,29). In line with these findings, a study in North East Ethiopia reported that toddlers who have no education mother are 4.92 times more likely to be stunted (28).…”

“…This finding confirms the results of several previous studies in various countries which inform that poor education mothers increase the risk of children under five to be stunted (18,28,29). In line with these findings, a study in North East Ethiopia reported that toddlers who have no education mother are 4.92 times more likely to be stunted (28).…”

“…Several variables from previous studies had been identified as risk factors for stunted toddlers who were not included in the analysis. Among them are no access to a latrine, short maternal height, not feeding colostrum (28), low birth weight (34), poor wealth index (18,19), poor antenatal care visits (35), and lack of postnatal vitamin-A supplementation (36), including the value of children (37,38).…”

Stunting and Associated Factors among Under-Five-Age Children in West Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

“…Stunting is one of the most important public health problems in Ethiopia with a double burden of undernutrition comprising both wasted and stunted under-five children. Most studies indicated that stunting is associated with low socioeconomic status, low educational level of parents, poor water supply and sanitation, and high infectious disease burden [12][13][14]. e basic and major food source for the study area was "Enset," and there was high population density and polygamous marriage was common in the study area.…”

Seasonal Variation of Household Food Insecurity and Household Dietary Diversity on Wasting and Stunting among Young Children in A Drought Prone Area in South Ethiopia: A Cohort Study

“…These can broadly be classified into basic factors like child characteristics (Woldeamanuel and Tesfaye 2019), parental characteristics (Kahssay et al 2020), and household characteristics (Woldeamanuel and Tesfaye 2019). Moreover, underlying factors like food insecurity (Mulu and Mengistie 2017) and sanitation (Girma et al 2019;Kahssay et al 2020;Woldeamanuel and Tesfaye 2019) and immediate factors such as inadequate dietary intake (Girma et al 2019) and infections (Mulu and Mengistie 2017;Woldeamanuel and Tesfaye 2019) were associated with child wasting and stunting. However, there is a lack of information about risk factors of child wasting and stunting evaluated through cohort study in drought-prone areas of Sidama.…”