Determinants of stillbirth in Felege-Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North-west, Ethiopia, 2019

Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to identify determinants of stillbirth in Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North-west, Ethiopia: 2019. To conduct this study an institutional-based unmatched case–control study was used among 84 cases and 336 controls. Pretested, structured questioner with face to face interview was conducted and some data were also extracted from medical records using a checklist. The data were analyzed by using binary logistics regression. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered as significant at 95% confidence level and the strength of association was measured using odds ratio. Results Illiteracy (AOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.4–10.2), sexually transmitted infection (AOR 5.7, 95% CI 1.1–29.7), Premature rupture of membrane (AOR 4.0, 95% CI 1.4–11.3), congenital anomaly (AOR 10.4, 95% CI 2.0–11.2) and history of perinatal death (AOR 10.4, 95% CI 3.7–29.2) were the determinants of stillbirth that increase risk of fetal death. Whereas taking at least two doses of tetanus toxoid vaccine (AOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–0.9) and partograph use (AOR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.4) were found to be protective factors for stillbirth. To overcome this problem; empowering female education, facilitating women in taking tetanus toxoid vaccine, sexually transmitted infection prevention, and encourage health professionals to use partograph during labour follow up highly strongly recommended.

Determinants of stillbirth in hospitals of North Shoa Zone, Oromia region, Central Ethiopia: A case control study

“…The current study also revealed that fetal birth defect increases the risk of getting still birth. This result agrees with the finding from Europe and Felege-Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, Ethiopia [16,27]. Lack of vital organs to for the fetus's survival and fetus's proneness to fatal complications and infections could the reason for such finding.…”

“…Stillbirth rate have decreased from 52 deaths per 1000 live births in 2000 [14] to 33 deaths per 1000 pregnancies in 2016 [4]. Studies conducted in the country on determinants stillbirth are limited in number; they also focused on single setting [15,16] and therefore couldn't address the issue comprehensively. The current study aimed to identify determinants of stillbirth in hospitals of North Shoa Zone, Oromia region, Central Ethiopia.…”

Risk Factors of Stillbirth Among Women Who Gave Birth in Amhara Region Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia, in 2019: A Case-Control Study

“…This result is supported by reports from Pakistan, Tanzania, Bahir Dar, and Addis Ababa (Ethiopia). 4 , 28 , 35 , 36 This may be due to the fact that after rupturing of the membrane, the amniotic fluid becomes oligohydramnios and there may be compression of the umbilical cord and placental abruption which results in fetal asphyxia and ends up with fetal death. An additional explanation could be due to the ascending infection of the uterus (chorioamnionitis) resulting from prolonged premature rupture of the membrane which in turn leads to stillbirth.…”

“… 16 , 41 It is also in accordance with studies carried out in Aksum and Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. 36 , 42 The likely explanation for this finding could be the fact that monitoring labor with partograph can help the healthcare provider detect feto-maternal abnormalities as early as possible and take immediate action to save the life of the mother and the fetus. However, failure to follow labor with partograph can lead to prolonged labor, which links with stillbirth.…”

“… 12 , 14 , 17 , 33 , 43 This result is also in accordance with a study done in Ethiopia. 36 The reason might be due to the assumption that the mother might have undiagnosed chromosomal abnormalities that cause intrauterine fetal death. Another possible reason could be the presence of maternal diabetes millets which causes unexplained fetal death.…”