Determinants of Rural Out-Migration in Habru District of Northeast Ethiopia

Abstract

Migration has become a cause of concern at the global, regional, and national levels. Like the case of many developing countries, Ethiopia has been facing increasing challenges related to rural out-migration. This study aimed to analyze factors that determine rural communities' decision to migrate to internal and international destinations in Habru district of Northeast Ethiopia. Stratified sampling technique has been employed to select a total of 200 household heads in three agroecologies of the study area. Structured questionnaires have been used as a principal primary data collection method and logistic regression has been employed for analysis. The results of the study showed that intravillage conflict, absence of relief assistant, livestock ownership, farm land size, access to information, and household and individual characteristics including family size, sex, and age of the migrants are the dominant determinant factors for rural out-migration. Migration can have a positive outcome in improving livelihoods if comprehensive and holistic policies and strategies are in place. There is also a need to strengthen the link between rural development policy and the disadvantaged groups by designing and implementing different livelihood alternatives including reducing pressure on scarce resources particularly land, integrating health and education services, and creating nonfarm employment opportunities.

Investigating environment-related migration processes in Ethiopia – A participatory Bayesian network

“…Nevertheless, our results show that the individual perception of migration is positively influenced by the migration experience available in the household's social network. This is in line with findings that examined the positive influence of network effects and information flows on migration, arguing that migrant networks reduce migration's risks and costs (e.g., Asfaw et al 2010;Bylander 2015;Wondimagegnhu and Zeleke 2017). Finally, the impact of the village community's informal understanding of migration on a person's migration perception is rather small in the BN.…”

Socio-economic Determinants of Temporary Labour Migration in Western Jharkhand, India

“…Several earlier studies have examined the association between temporary migration and its determining factors and found negative association between economic status and temporary migration. Shortage of farmland, low income from agriculture and low livestock-intensive households are the major cause of migration (Asfaw et al, 2010; Deshingkar & Start, 2003; Dodd et al, 2016; Haberfeld et al, 1999; Wondimagegnhu & Zeleke, 2017). In general, socio-economically deprived groups such as STs and SCs have a greater propensity to migrate seasonally, which also reflects its distress-driven nature (Agrawal & Chandrasekhar, 2015; Deshingkar & Start, 2003; Dodd et al, 2016; Keshri & Bhagat, 2012).…”

The Impact of Climate Change on Migration Patterns of Rural Women in Marange, Zimbabwe. (2006-2016)

“…Thus the larger the family size, the more migration potential by female members. Wondimagegnhu and Zeleke (2017), demonstrated that members of large families tended to migrate more than those from smaller family units. Results showed that 148 (44.44%) single women from households with more than 9 members migrated between 2006 and 2016.…”

“…A large body of work has illustrated that climate change mainly influences the movement of people in four ways which are rising sea levels, higher surface temperatures, disruption of the hydrological cycle, wild fires, biodiversity loss and frequent severe weather events (Newland, 2011;UNFCCC, 2017). This movement is a spontaneous action as women are more sensitive and naturally escape from danger to areas of relative safety (Wondimagegnhu and Zeleke, 2017). Such spontaneous and unplanned migrations consequently results in overpopulation, an array of conflicts and competition of social amenities in the receiving areas.…”