Determinants of residential space heating expenditures in Germany

Rehdanz, Katrin

doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2006.04.002

Cited by 182 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is low compared to other studies (for example, Rehdanz (2007), and Meier and Rehdanz (2010), who explain 17 to 27 percent of gas consumption for panels of German and British homes), but standardizing energy consumption by household size absorbs much of the crosssectional variation. Dwelling size is a major determinant of gas consumption, with an elasticity of 0.15.…”

Section: Energy Consumption and Dwelling Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Residential energy use and conservation: Economics and demographics

Brounen

Kok

Quigley

2012

European Economic Review

508

313

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a b s t r a c tEnergy consumption in the residential sector offers an important opportunity for conserving resources. However, much of the current debate regarding energy efficiency in the housing market focuses on the physical and technical determinants of energy consumption, neglecting the role of the economic behavior of resident households. In this paper, we analyze the extent to which the use of gas and electricity is determined by the technical specifications of the dwelling as compared to the demographic characteristics of the residents. Our analysis is based on a sample of more than 300,000 Dutch homes and their occupants. The results indicate that residential gas consumption is determined principally by structural dwelling characteristics, such as the vintage, building type, and characteristics of the dwelling, while electricity consumption varies more directly with household composition, in particular income and family composition. Combining these results with projections on future economic and demographic trends, we find that, even absent price increases for residential energy, the aging of the population and their increasing wealth will roughly offset improvements in the energy efficiency of the building stock resulting from policy interventions and natural revitalization.

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Section: Energy Consumption and Dwelling Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Residential energy use and conservation: Economics and demographics

Brounen

Kok

Quigley

2012

European Economic Review

508

313

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“…Meier and Rehdanz (2010) adopts a similar approach, using 64000 observations from the 1991-2005 British Household Panel Survey. In terms of methodology and type of data, Rehdanz (2007) and Meier and Rehdanz (2010) are similar to that employed here. A key difference is that Rehdanz (2007) does not control for climate (though there are 'controls' for region) as Germany is mostly temperate and not nearly as diverse in temperature range as other countries in which similar studies have been conducted.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Some studies have included housing tenure as a variable and therefore have a particular significance in the present context. Typically the data source is surveys specifically conducted for the purposes of analysing energy consumption; two exceptions are Rehdanz (2007) and Meier and Rehdanz, 2010), which are most similar in approach to our own, and are discussed further below.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vaage (2000) also tests for the impact of homeownership on energy consumption in Norway using regression analysis, and finds that energy demand is 20% lower among home owners. Rehdanz (2007) samples 12000 German households from a multi-purpose national survey. Their household energy expenditures are modelled; on controlling for prices, personal and property characteristics the study detects lower energy expenditures if properties are owner occupied.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Housing Tenure, Energy Consumption and the Split-Incentive Issue in Australia

Wood

Ong

McMurray

2012

International Journal of Housing Policy

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In recent years, there has been growing global recognition of the need to reduce carbon emissions in response to climate change concerns. It is generally acknowledged that the energy efficiency of existing homes can be improved, but there are significant barriers to its uptake. In particular, improving the energy efficiency of private rental housing presents unique policy challenges due to a split-incentive problem. This has prompted some governments to introduce programmes that encourage landlords to improve the energy efficiency of their properties. While landlords are responsible for the purchase of many energy-consuming household appliances, tenants are responsible for energy bills. Since the landlord does not reap the immediate benefits of investment in energyefficient equipment, the incentives motivating such investment are weaker than for home owners. This paper aims to quantify the magnitude of the split-incentive problem in the Australian private rental housing market by invoking a modelling approach where energy expenditure is estimated as a function of housing tenure, dwelling type, location, climate and other socio-demographic variables. We find no evidence in support of the split-incentive hypothesis in Australia. The paper concludes that differences in housing policy arrangements could be critical to the presence and importance of split incentives.

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“…Many studies address the different barriers for "green" retrofits and construction, including (among others) the "landlord-tenant-dilemma" (see, e.g., Rehdanz, 2007;Schleich and Gruber, 2008), insufficient willingness to pay for energy efficiency on real estate markets (see, e.g., Hyland et al, 2013), uncertainty about real energy cost savings (see, e.g., Metcalf and Hassett, 1999) or behavioral aspects, norms and attitudes, that prevent homeowners from investing in "green" technologies (see, e.g., Nair et al, 2010). Research, however, has not focused significantly on understanding the capabilities of different types of investors and the subsequent opportunities these differences offer policymakers in designing strategies for less energy consuming economies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small might be beautiful, but bigger performs better: Scale economies in “green” refurbishments of apartment housing

2015

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThe energy efficiency of the residential housing stock plays a key role in strategies to mitigate climate change and global warming. In this context, it is frequently argued that private investment and the quality of thermal upgrades is too low in the light of the challenges faced and the potential energy cost savings. While many authors address the potential barriers for investors to increase energy efficiency, studies on the capabilities different investors have to reduce energy requirements of their property are scarce. This study investigates potential advantages of housing company's size, i.e. economies of scale, economies of scope and institutional learning in thermal upgrades of residential housing. Based on unique data on energy consumption in 102,307 apartment houses in Germany, we present new evidence for advantages and disadvantages of housing company's size in "green" retrofitting projects. Our estimations show, that large housing companies outperform private landlords by far in high effort refurbishment projects. In contrast, private landlords appear to have advantages in low effort, incremental refurbishment activities. The results offer new options for policy makers to refine the support schemes towards a low carbon housing stock.

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Determinants of residential space heating expenditures in Germany

Cited by 182 publications

References 24 publications

Residential energy use and conservation: Economics and demographics

Residential energy use and conservation: Economics and demographics

Housing Tenure, Energy Consumption and the Split-Incentive Issue in Australia

Small might be beautiful, but bigger performs better: Scale economies in “green” refurbishments of apartment housing

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