Determinants of Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cardiorespiratory Fitness (from the Dallas Heart Study)

Pandey, Ambarish; Park, Bryan D.; Ayers, Colby; Das, Sandeep R; Lakoski, Susan G.; Matulevicius, Susan; Lemos, James A. de; Berry, Jarett D.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.05.043

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Blacks have a higher incidence overall of colon cancer but varying levels of fitness and were not as well represented in our high fitness group, which may be why there was no association noted in the current study. There may also be unmeasured confounders such as diet and socioeconomic factors that are not captured by the current study data that could be contributing . In addition, we found that among those diagnosed with lung and colorectal cancer, high prediagnostic fitness levels were associated with a 44% and 89%, respectively, decreased risk of death compared with individuals with low prediagnostic fitness levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…There may also be unmeasured confounders such as diet and socioeconomic factors that are not captured by the current study data that could be contributing. 36 In addition, we found that among those diagnosed with lung and colorectal cancer, high prediagnostic fitness levels were associated with a 44% and 89%, respectively, decreased risk of death compared with individuals with low prediagnostic fitness levels. The above findings are consistent with what has been reported in 2 smaller (13,949 patients and 1,997 patients, respectively), all-male cohorts of incident lung and colorectal cancer in which high CRF was associated with a 55% to 61% lower risk of incident lung cancer and a 44% to 70% lower risk of incident colorectal cancer after multivariable adjustments, including smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Cardiorespiratory fitness and incident lung and colorectal cancer in men and women: Results from the Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) cohort

Marshall

Al‐Mallah

Dardari³

et al. 2019

Cancer

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Background To the authors’ knowledge, the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and lung and colorectal cancer outcomes is not well established. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed of 49,143 consecutive patients who underwent clinician‐referred exercise stress testing from 1991 through 2009. The patients ranged in age from 40 to 70 years, were without cancer, and were treated within the Henry Ford Health System in Detroit, Michigan. CRF, measured in metabolic equivalents of task (METs), was categorized as <6 (reference), 6 to 9, 10 to 11, and ≥12. Incident cancer was obtained through linkage to the cancer registry and all‐cause mortality from the National Death Index. Results Participants had a mean age of 54 ± 8 years. Approximately 46% were female, 64% were white, 29% were black, and 1% were Hispanic. The median follow‐up was 7.7 years. Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for age, race, sex, body mass index, smoking history, and diabetes, found that those in the highest fitness category (METs ≥12) had a 77% decreased risk of lung cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 0.23; 95% CI, 0.14‐0.36) and a 61% decreased risk of incident colorectal cancer (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.23‐0.66; with additional adjustment for aspirin and statin use). Among those diagnosed with lung and colorectal cancer, those with high fitness had a decreased risk of subsequent death of 44% and 89%, respectively (HR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.32‐1.00] and HR, 0.11 [95% CI, 0.03‐0.37], respectively). Conclusions In what to the authors’ knowledge is the largest study performed to date, higher CRF was associated with a lower risk of incident lung and colorectal cancer in men and women and a lower risk of all‐cause mortality among those diagnosed with lung or colorectal cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Cardiorespiratory fitness and incident lung and colorectal cancer in men and women: Results from the Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) cohort

Marshall

Al‐Mallah

Dardari³

et al. 2019

Cancer

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“…Separate models were computed for the parahippocampus and hippocampus. In all regression models, covariates included age, sex, race (Pandey et al., ) and physical activity (assessed via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire [Craig et al., ]). Physical activity was expressed as weekly METs (metabolic equivalent of task) in moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of cardiorespiratory fitness on interhemispheric hippocampal and parahippocampal functional connectivity

Ikuta

Loprinzi

2019

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Interhemispheric functional connectivity is associated with cognitive functioning. Although previous work has evaluated the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive function, there has been a limited investigation of the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on the functional connectivity of memory‐related brain structures. As such, the objective of this study was to examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and parahippocampal and hippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity. Data from the Nathan Kline Institute‐Rockland Sample (NKI‐RS) were utilized. Our analysis consisted of 284 participants (Mage = 43 years; 62% female). Cardiorespiratory fitness was objectively measured using a cycle ergometer protocol. Parahippocampal and hippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity were assessed from fMRI. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with greater parahippocampal (β = 0.004; CI, 0.00009 to 0.008, p = 0.04), but not hippocampal (β = 0.001; CI, −0.002 to 0.005, p = 0.44) interhemispheric functional connectivity. In conclusion, enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness may facilitate parahippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity.

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“…As ethnicity [ 29 ], socio-economic status [ 29 , 30 ], FMI [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], FFMI [ 33 ], height [ 32 ], and moderate-vigorous physical activity [ 7 , 31 ] have been found to be associated with CRF, these factors were further included in Model 2 that assessed the relationship between dietary patterns and CRF. For the investigation of the relationship between dietary patterns and muscular fitness, Model 2 included covariates from Model 1, as well as ethnicity [ 34 ], NZDep13 [ 30 ], FFMI [ 35 ], height [ 35 ], and moderate-vigorous physical activity [ 36 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns, Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness in 9–11-Year-Old Children from Dunedin, New Zealand

et al. 2018

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Research shows that cardiorespiratory (CRF) and muscular fitness in childhood are associated with a healthier cardiovascular profile in adulthood. Identifying factors associated with measures of fitness in childhood could allow for strategies to optimize cardiovascular health throughout the lifecourse. The aim of this study was to examine the association between dietary patterns and both CRF and muscular fitness in 9–11-year-olds. In this study of 398 children, CRF and muscular fitness were assessed using a 20-m shuttle run test and digital hand dynamometer, respectively. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. Mixed effects linear regression models were used to assess associations between dietary patterns and CRF and muscular fitness. Most children had healthy CRF (99%, FITNESSGRAM) and mean ± SD muscular fitness was 15.2 ± 3.3 kg. Two dietary patterns were identified; “Snacks” and “Fruit and Vegetables”. There were no significant associations between either of the dietary patterns and CRF. Statistically significant but not clinically meaningful associations were seen between dietary patterns and muscular fitness. In an almost exclusively fit cohort, food choice is not meaningfully related to measures of fitness. Further research to investigate diet-fitness relationships in children with lower fitness levels can identify key populations for potential investments in health-promoting behaviors.

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Determinants of Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cardiorespiratory Fitness (from the Dallas Heart Study)

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Cardiorespiratory fitness and incident lung and colorectal cancer in men and women: Results from the Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) cohort

Cardiorespiratory fitness and incident lung and colorectal cancer in men and women: Results from the Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) cohort

Association of cardiorespiratory fitness on interhemispheric hippocampal and parahippocampal functional connectivity

Dietary Patterns, Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness in 9–11-Year-Old Children from Dunedin, New Zealand

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