Determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth in East Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Laelago, Tariku; Yohannes, Tadele; Tsige, Gulima

doi:10.1186/s13052-020-0772-1

Cited by 33 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Similarly, the pooled result shows multiple pregnancies are more likely to be delivered preterm. The result is consistent with other reported studies [ 11 , 58 , 69 – 71 ]. This is due to overstretching of uterus might stimulate early labor.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Epidemiology of preterm birth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Muchie

Lakew

Teshome

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background Globally, complications of preterm birth are among the most common cause of neonatal mortality. In Ethiopia, the neonatal mortality reduction is not worthy of attention. Hence, this study reviewed the prevalence of preterm birth and factors associated with preterm birth in Ethiopia. Methods The review protocol of this study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017077356). The PRISMA guideline was followed for this review. Studies that assessed the prevalence and/or associated factors of preterm birth in Ethiopia and published from Jan 01, 2009 to Dec 31, 2019 were considered. Studies were searched from the PubMed and Science Direct among medical electronic databases and Google Scholar. Random-effects model was used for detected heterogeneity among studies. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were assessed. Pooled estimates with its 95% confidence interval were reported using forest plots. The quality of evidence from the review was assessed using GRADE approach. Results Twenty-two studies involving a total of 12,279 participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of preterm birth in Ethiopia was 10.48% (95% CI: 7.98–12.99). Pooled odds ratio showed rural residence (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.35–4.05), being anemic (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.85–3.64), < 4 antenatal care visits (AOR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.73–3.33), pregnancy induced hypertension (AOR = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.45–4.97), prelabor rapture of membrane (AOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 2.28–8.57), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR = 5.02, 95% CI: 2.90–8.68), multiple pregnancies (AOR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.52–5.99), past adverse birth outcomes (AOR = 3.24, 95% CI: 2.53–4.15) and chronic illness (AOR = 4.89, 95%CI: 3.12–7.66) were associated with increased likelihood of preterm birth. Further, support during pregnancy was associated with reduced occurrence of preterm birth. Conclusion The pooled national level prevalence of preterm birth in Ethiopia is high. Socio demographic, nutritional, health care, obstetric and gynecologic, chronic illness and medical conditions, behavioral and lifestyle factors are the major associated factors of preterm birth in Ethiopia. This evidence is graded as low grade. Thus, efforts should be intensified to address reported risk factors to relieve the burden of preterm birth in the study setting, Ethiopia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Epidemiology of preterm birth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Muchie

Lakew

Teshome

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…Our ndings revealed that the likelihood of PTB among mothers in the age group less than 20 years of age was eight times higher compared to the mother's age group of 20-30 years. This is consistent with a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted in East Africa (34). The study is also supported by studies done in Canada (35) and Ethiopia (22).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Moreover, this study revealed that mothers who were exposed to chronic medical illness (HIV, anemia, chronic kidney disease, and cardiac disease) during pregnancy had 5-fold higher odds of PTB compared to those who were not exposed to any medical illness. This nding is supported by studies carried out in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia(13), and Debremarkose, northwest Ethiopia (32), and a systematic review and meta-analysis of East Africa (34). This might be due to medical disorders during or before pregnancy affects the placenta and the membrane, in turn, reduces the placental ow of oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus in utero, and, thus, increases the risk of preterm birth (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Premature Babies and Associated Factors Among Births in Referral Hospitals of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a Cross-sectional Study

Adugna

Oumar

Adugna

2021

Preprint

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Background: Premature birth remains a serious public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Ethiopia is one of the country with highest preterm birth rate in Africa. However, there is limited evidences on the prevalence and associated factors of premature birth. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of premature birth among newborns delivered in Amhara region referral hospitals, Northern Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken from February 23rd to April 23rd, 2020, in the Amhara region. A total of 482 mother-newborn pairs were included in this study. The data were collected by interviewing the mothers and reviewing their charts using a structured and pretested questionnaire. The outcome variable was preterm birth. Data were entered using Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed using STATA software (version 14). Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were done for the factors associated with premature birth. Results: In this study, the prevalence of premature birth was 11.41%(95% CI: 8.9, 14.6%). In multivariable logistig regression model; maternal age < 20 years (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 7.8: 95% CI 2.3 – 26 ), preeclampsia (AOR = 5: 95% CI 2.3 – 11 ), premature rupture of membrane (AOR=3.9: 95%CI 1.6- 9.0), chronic medical illness (AOR=4.6:95% CI2.1-10), and history of stillbirth (AOR = 2.7: 95% CI 1.1-7.3) were significantly associated with preterm birth.Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that the burden of premature birth is a public health concern among newborns delivered in Amhara region referral hospitals. Maternal age less than 20 years, preeclampsia, premature rupture of membrane, chronic medical illness, and history of stillbirth were factors associated with preterm birth. Therefore, efforts have to be made to reduce the burden of prematurity, and for early detection and management of preeclampsia. Premature rupture of membrane, and chronic medical illness. Obstetric care providers should give due attention to women with an age of less than 20 years and a history of stillbirth.

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“…Numerous studies have assessed the relationship between season and adverse birth outcomes. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] These studies have typically focused on the seasonality of preterm birth and birth weight, whereas fewer studies have examined the relationship between season and less common adverse birth outcomes like stillbirth. 22 Several small studies have been conducted in sub-Saharan Africa, where adverse birth outcomes may be more tightly linked to distinct rainy and dry seasons and related agricultural cycles, 16 18 20 21 and one meta-analysis of studies conducted in East Africa found an increased risk of preterm birth during the rainy season.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of adverse birth outcomes in women with and without HIV in a representative birth outcomes surveillance study in Botswana

et al. 2021

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IntroductionSub-Saharan Africa has the largest number of people with HIV, one of the most severe burdens of adverse birth outcomes globally and particular vulnerability to climate change. We examined associations between seasonality and adverse birth outcomes among women with and without HIV in a large geographically representative birth outcomes surveillance study in Botswana from 2015 to 2018.MethodsWe evaluated stillbirth, preterm delivery, very preterm delivery, small for gestational age (SGA), very SGA, and combined endpoints of any adverse or severe birth outcome. We estimated the risk of each outcome by month and year of delivery, and adjusted risks ratios (ARRs) of outcomes during the early wet (1 November–15 January), late wet (16 January–31 March) and early dry (1 April–15 July) seasons, compared with the late dry (16 July–31 October) season. Analyses were conducted overall and separately by HIV status.ResultsAmong 73 178 women (24% with HIV), the risk of all adverse birth outcomes peaked in November–January and reached low points in September. Compared with the late dry season, the ARRs for any adverse birth outcome were 1.03 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.06) for the early dry season, 1.08 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.11) for the early wet season and 1.07 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.10) for the late wet season. Comparing the early wet season to the late dry season, we found that ARRs for stillbirth and very preterm delivery were higher in women with HIV (1.23, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.59, and 1.33, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.62, respectively) than in women without HIV (1.07, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.26, and 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.36, respectively).ConclusionsWe identified a modest association between seasonality and adverse birth outcomes in Botswana, which was greatest among women with HIV. Understanding seasonal patterns of adverse birth outcomes and the role of HIV status may allow for mitigation of their impact in the face of seasonal extremes related to climate change.

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Determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth in East Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 33 publications

References 88 publications

Epidemiology of preterm birth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiology of preterm birth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Premature Babies and Associated Factors Among Births in Referral Hospitals of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a Cross-sectional Study

Seasonality of adverse birth outcomes in women with and without HIV in a representative birth outcomes surveillance study in Botswana

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