Determinants of physical activity and interventions in youth

Sallis, James F.; Simons‐Morton, Bruce G.; Stone, Elaine J.; Corbin, Charles B.; Epstein, Leonard H.; Faucette, Nell; Iannotti, Ronald J.; Killen, Joel D.; Klesges, Robert C.; Petray, Clayre; Rowland, Thomas W.; Taylor, Wendell C.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199206001-00007

Cited by 348 publications

(257 citation statements)

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“…Studies have consistently shown a decline in girls' physical activity with age, at least during the teen years (Armstrong & Welsman, 2006;Riddoch et al, 2004). The main reasons for this are the different interests of adolescents (Sallis et al, 1992). This drop of interest in physical activity in one's free time is a matter of significant concern, since it is generally acknowledged that physical activity has several benefits that improve the health status and quality of life of adolescents (Ortega et al).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characteristics and Motor Fitness Among Girls Attending Different Secondary-School Programmes

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY:During adolescence, a drop of interest in physical activity in girls' free time and a stagnation in some physical fitness indicators can be observed. The physical fitness of a sample of 14,920 girls from three different types of secondary-school educational programmes (academic, technical and vocational) with different amounts of physical education lessons in the curriculum was analysed. Data from the Slovenia's monitoring system of students' physical fitness (SLOFIT), including three morphological measures and eight motor tests, was used. A multivariate analysis of variance was used to test the differences between the type of programme and the age of students. There are statistically significant (p<0.001) differences between the educational programmes for the entire set of tested morphological and motor variables. The educational programme is a much more important factor (about 7% of explained variances) than age (0.4%). It better explains the differences in motor variables than morphological variables. Girls from the academic programme are taller and have thinner triceps skinfolds. They also show better motor fitness than their counterparts from technical and vocational programmes. However, it cannot be concluded that all the variability is due to the secondary-school educational programme, because the results are also influenced by some interpersonal and social factors that were not controlled in our study. Nevertheless, more action is needed to compensate certain inequalities between young girls, especially those from vocational schools.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characteristics and Motor Fitness Among Girls Attending Different Secondary-School Programmes

et al. 2012

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“…7,9,10 The amount and kind of physical activity in children are modi®ed by physiological, biomechanical and social factors. 15 Also, genes may explain a part of the variability in physical activity. 16 The genetic in¯uence is observed especially in intense exercise 16 and in low-intensity, spontaneous activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 A better insight of the parents' role in children's physical activity and obesity is needed to design and test new interventions. 15 The present study examined differences in physical activity between normalweight and obese children, as well as parent ± child associations of obesity and physical activity. Our main objective was to ®nd out whether parental activity level and obesity associate with activity and obesity in their children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent–child relationship of physical activity patterns and obesity

et al. 1999

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OBJECTIVE: To study differences in physical activity between normal-weight and obese children, as well as parent ± child associations of obesity and physical activity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: 129 obese children (67 girls and 62 boys), 142 normal-weight controls (81 boys and 61 girls), and mothers (n 245) and fathers (n 222) of the children. METHODS: Physical activity was assessed by a 3-day physical activity record (children and parents), by a questionnaire (children), and by one question on habitual physical activity (parents). The data were analysed by stepwise linear and logistic regressions. Obesity was assessed from relative weight (children) and BMI (parents). RESULTS: Parent inactivity was a strong and positive predictor of child inactivity (b-coef®cients 0.25 and 0.16, P`0.001, for mother and father inactivity, respectively). Scores of parent activity were somewhat weaker predictors of child vigorous activity hours and total physical activity level (b-coef®cients 0.13 ± 0.25, P 0.003 ± 0.08). Child obesity was negatively associated with child habitual physical activity (odds ratio 0.88, P`0.001). In addition, parent obesity (body mass index ! 30 kgam 2 ) was another strong predictor of child obesity (odds ratio 2.38 ± 3.50, P`0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The present study underscores the parents' role in childhood activity patterns and obesity. A novel ®nding was that the parent ± child relationship of inactivity appeared to be stronger than that of vigorous activity. Hence, parents who want to reduce their children's inactivity may have to pay attention to their own lifestyle.

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“…Although there are only limited data on level of physical activity in children, 21 it is generally acknowledged that sedentary lifestyle is an important contributor to the development of obesity, both in children and adults. 22,23 Conversely, it has been shown that reducing sedentary activities 24 or increasing moderate to intense physical activity leads to significant reductions in PBF in children, without affecting lean body mass.…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways: a school-based program for the primary prevention of obesity in american indian children

Caballero

Davis

et al. 1998

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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This report describes the proposed intervention and outcome measurement procedures for the Pathways study. Pathways is a multicenter school-based study aimed at reducing the alanning increase in the prevalence of obesity in American Indian children. It is designed as a randomized clinical trial, involving approximately 2,00 third grade children in 40 schools in seven diferent American Indian communities. During a 3-year feasibility phase, which was just completed, the major components of the intervention (school food service, classroom curriculum, physical education program, and family involvement) were developed and pilot-tested. The measurement instruments for body composition; physical activity; dietary intake; and knowledge, attitudes, and behavior were also developed and validated. Comprehensive process evaluation procedures also were defined. As of this writing, thefull-scale intervention program is being initiated and is scheduled to be completed in the spring of 200. The primary aim of the Pathways intervention is to reduce average percent body fat in intervention-school children by at least 3% compared with control-school children by the end of the 3-year intervention. This goal is to be achieved primarily by an increase in physical activity and a reduction in the perceni of dietary fat intake. The program does not seek to reduce dietary energy intake. Rather, it is based on the assumption that a healthier; lower-fat diet, combined with an increase in energy expenditure by increased physical activity, will result in fewer excess calories deposited as body fat.

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Determinants of physical activity and interventions in youth

Cited by 348 publications

References 0 publications

Morphological Characteristics and Motor Fitness Among Girls Attending Different Secondary-School Programmes

Morphological Characteristics and Motor Fitness Among Girls Attending Different Secondary-School Programmes

Parent–child relationship of physical activity patterns and obesity

Pathways: a school-based program for the primary prevention of obesity in american indian children

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