Determinants of perinatal mortality at tertiary hospitals in East Wollega, Western Ethiopia: a case–control study

Abstract

Objective This study was performed to determine predisposing factors of perinatal mortality among deliveries at tertiary hospitals in East Wollega, Western Ethiopia. Methods This institutional-based unmatched retrospective case–control study involved 810 samples (270 perinatal deaths and 540 controls) selected from the study hospitals. For each case, two controls were selected. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data were entered into EpiData Version 3.1 and exported to SPSS Version 25 for analysis. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were performed. The adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated, and statistical significance was declared at a P-value of <0.05. Results The statistical analysis revealed the following independent determinants of perinatal mortality: rural residence, lack of antenatal care, preterm delivery, induction of labor, presence of obstetric complications, breech presentation, shoulder presentation, low birth weight, congenital malformation, and not using a partograph. Conclusion Given the determinant factors of perinatal mortality in the study area, health facilities are recommended to implement appropriate antenatal care, intrapartum care, and neonatal care to prevent perinatal mortality. They are also advised to use partographs and ensure better access to antenatal care facilities.