Determinants of Outcome for Patients Admitted to a Long-Term Ventilator Unit

Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in 540 Seriously Ill Older Adults: Effects of Increasing Age on Clinical Outcomes and Survival

“…Acute lung 111 (20) 10 (13) 14 (16) 19 (18) 20 (18) 20 (21) 28 (47) Postoperative 74 (14) 13 (16) 15 (17) 20 (19) 11 (10) 14 (15) 1 (2) Cardiac 84 (16) 10 (13) 14 (16) 14 (13) 25 (22) 14 (15) 7 (12) Stroke or cerebrovascular accident b 119 (22) 22 (27) 20 (23) 25 (23) 22 (20) 21 (23) 9 (15) Other neurological c 21 (4) 5 (6) 6 (7)…”

“…The presence of an independent age effect on successful weaning in these seriously ill elderly adults with PMV was not found in the multivariable analysis, in agreement with other studies. 12,14 The elderly adults with PMV who were most likely to be weaned had less-impaired respiratory physiology and less-severe illness on LTACH admission, lower burdens of comorbid illnesses, and to a lesser degree, better physical function before ACH admission. These findings were in keeping with those of previous reports.…”

“…[5][6][7] Some studies have suggested that age may affect outcomes of individuals requiring PMV, but the extent of this effect has not been studied systematically. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Thus, the scant information about the effects of age on outcomes of these chronically seriously ill individuals with PMV has limited the information about likely outcomes of older individuals with PMV that could help guide decisions for transfer from acute care hospitals (ACHs) to a long-term care setting. These decisions are anticipated to become increasingly frequent because of projected increases in the numbers of elderly adults with PMV transferable to long-term postacute care settings.…”

“…Outcome studies of individuals with PMV in long‐term care settings have not focused specifically on the effect of increasing age even though pulmonary function decreases with age . Some studies have suggested that age may affect outcomes of individuals requiring PMV, but the extent of this effect has not been studied systematically . Thus, the scant information about the effects of age on outcomes of these chronically seriously ill individuals with PMV has limited the information about likely outcomes of older individuals with PMV that could help guide decisions for transfer from acute care hospitals (ACHs) to a long‐term care setting.…”

Economic Evaluation of the 7-Vaccine Routine Childhood Immunization Schedule in the United States, 2001

“…The cost of outpatient visits, the average duration of hospitalization, and hospitalization costs for each condition related to these diseases or congenital rubella syndrome were obtained from HCUPnet, 85 the Marketscan database, 86 and published and unpublished studies ( Table 2). * We assumed that the annual cost of epilepsy and hemiplegia during a 50-year life span was $1693 88 ; the annual special education cost for severely disabled children until age 18 years was $16 750 89 ; the average annual long-term care cost for patients with poliomyelitis and severe respiratory problems during a 30-year life span was $137 220 [90][91][92][93] ; the annual cost for the long-term care of individuals with moderate and severe mental retardation during a 50-year life span was $31 059 and $78 448, respectively 10 ; and the cost for periodic hearing aid evaluation is $243 per year and for hearing aids (binaural) is $1141 per year. 94…”