Determinants of normal coronary artery dimensions in humans.

Leung, Wing Hung; Stadius, Michael L.; Alderman, Edwin L.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.84.6.2294

Cited by 97 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…[4] Lumen diameter of normal human coronary arteries and several factors affecting their lumen diameters have previously been studied in different countries on different populations. [5][6][7][8][9][10] To the best of our knowledge, there is no study with international recognition regarding normal …”

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confidence: 99%

Angiographic analysis of normal coronary artery lumen diameter in a Turkish population

Turamanlar¹,

Adalı²,

Acay³

et al. 2016

Anatomy

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IntroductionWith its increasing incidence, coronary artery disease is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality especially in the industrialized countries, accounting for more than one-third of total deaths. Cardiovascular diseases are the cause of almost half of the deaths in Turkey. Amongst the European Union countries, Turkey is the fourth in the mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases in men and the first in women. [1,2] Coronary artery diameters are one of the most important factors that affect the technique and outcome of coronary by-pass operations. [3] Coronary arteries arise from the aorta as two branches, the right coronary artery (RCA) and the left main coronary artery (LMCA). After a short distance, the LMCA divides into two, and gives the left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex artery (Cx) branches. While LAD runs along the anterior interventricular sulcus down towards the apex, Cx artery runs along the atrioventricular groove, giving rise to the left marginal branch. The circumflex then continues around the heart, terminating on its posteroinferior aspect, to supply blood to both the left and right atrium. [4] Lumen diameter of normal human coronary arteries and several factors affecting their lumen diameters have previously been studied in different countries on different populations. [5][6][7][8][9][10] To the best of our knowledge, there is no study with international recognition regarding normal AbstractObjectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the cause of nearly half of deaths in Turkey. Coronary artery diameters affect the procedure and outcome of coronary by-pass operations. The aim of this study was to measure the coronary artery diameters of the individuals with normal coronary artery on angiographic images to assess to provide data for a normal Turkish population and compare the results with studies from other countries.Methods: Seventy-seven male and female individuals between 31-79 years old were used in the study. Diameters of the two coronary arteries and their branches were measured in four segments using the Image J program. Results:The mean diameters of major coronary arteries i.e. LMCA, LAD, Cx and RCA were measured as 4.43±0.76 mm, 3.48±0.53 mm, 3.11±0.67 mm and 3.45±0.50 mm, respectively. Conclusion:This study revealed that the coronary artery lumen diameters of the Turkish population were parallel with the study conducted in the Iraqi population especially. A statistically significant correlation between certain coronary artery diameters were demonstrated also found. The findings of this study will contribute to the diagnosis and the treatment methods for the patients.

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confidence: 99%

Angiographic analysis of normal coronary artery lumen diameter in a Turkish population

Turamanlar¹,

Adalı²,

Acay³

et al. 2016

Anatomy

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“…The mean sectional areas of LMCA, LAD, and CX were found as 17 2 in men, respectively. We compared cross-sectional areas of arteries among both genders and found no statistical difference for CX (P = 0.094), while LMCA and LAD cross sectional areas were larger in men (P < 0.001, for both).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Leung et al (17) reported no significant correlation between coronary artery dimensions and weight, height, or body surface area, while Zeina et al (10) reported significant correlation between LMCA cross-sectional area and height, weight, and body surface area in males only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Cross-sectional area measurement of the coronary arteries using CT angiography at the level of the bifurcation: is there a relationship?

Verim¹,

Öztürk²,

Küçük³

et al. 2015

Diagn Interv Radiol

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C oronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, coronary artery imaging is one of the most commonly used diagnostic methods. Recently, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has become another widely used method in coronary artery imaging since it is a noninvasive technique that is easy to perform (1, 2).One of the major advantages of CCTA is that it allows for the measurement of not only two-dimensional diameters but also cross-sectional areas of the vascular structures. Thus, it is possible to calculate the degree of narrowing caused by atherosclerotic plaques in case of obstruction. It is also possible to predict the symptoms that may arise in a patient in relation to the obstruction and determine the treatment that can be performed using CT angiography.Atherosclerotic plaques are commonly seen adjacent to vascular bifurcations (3, 4). Left main coronary artery (LMCA) length is variable, and it is shorter in comparison with other main coronary arteries. Therefore, atherosclerotic plaques can occupy the whole vessel in some cases. In such cases, it is difficult to determine the degree of narrowing caused by the plaque since it is not possible to understand the reference artery diameter. Similarly, normal dimensions of the arteries might not be understood in cases of plaque build-up that occupy the long segment starting from the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and circumflex artery (CX) origin. Recently developed multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) technology provides valuable information in terms of understanding three-dimensional anatomy of coronary bifurcation and measuring the angle and vessel cross-sectional area (5, 6). This information is considerably important for the diagnosis and treatment of bifurcation lesions. 454From the Department of Radiology (S.V.), Mevki Military Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; the Departments of Radiology (E.Ö.  drersinozturk@gmail.com, K.K., M.S.) and Cardiology (U.K., E.K.), GATA Haydarpaşa Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey. PURPOSEOur aim was to determine whether there is a correlation between cross-sectional areas of the left main coronary artery (LMCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD), and circumflex artery (CX) in normal cases using coronary CT angiography. METHODExaminations of 180 patients (119 men and 61 women) were selected among 2248 consecutive coronary CT angiography studies. Cross-sectional areas of LMCA, LAD, and CX were measured at the level of bifurcation. Correlation between age, height, and body mass index and coronary artery cross-sectional areas was investigated and possibility of formulating a correlation between the cross-sectional areas of LMCA, LAD, and CX was explored. RESULTSMean cross-sectional areas of LMCA, LAD, and CX were found as 17.4±3.9 mm 2 , 12.5±3.1 mm 2 , and 10.5±3.0 mm 2 , respectively. While cross-sectional areas of LMCA and LAD were significantly larger in men, no significant difference was found between the sectional areas of CX in men and women. A multiple regression analysis was cond...

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“…The present study showed that whilst conventional TTE failed to adequately assessed the coronary ostia of these patients, an alternative novel TTE acoustic window was able to visualize most of the coronary ostia, thus providing a potentially suitable alternative noninvasive imaging tool to monitor the coronary ostial dilation long-term. The normal diameter of native coronary vessels can be underestimated in post-mortem and conventional invasive angiographic studies [11][12][13][14]. These studies usually assess only the mid-portion of the proximal segment of the coronary vessels rather than the ostium (the aortocoronary junction), and report diameters of 2-5 mm for the RCA and 4-7 mm for the LMA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Parasternal Transthoracic Echocardiographic Window for Detecting Coronary Ostial Dilation after Modified Bentall Surgery

Hanzek

Yong

et al. 2009

Heart, Lung and Circulation

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Background: During the modified Bentall surgery (aortic root replacement), a cuff of native aorta is implanted, together with the coronary ostium, into the aortic graft. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging can accurately assess the coronary ostial anastomosis site post-surgery. In this study, we assessed the feasibility of imaging the coronary ostial anastomosis site using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).

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Determinants of normal coronary artery dimensions in humans.

Cited by 97 publications

References 38 publications

Angiographic analysis of normal coronary artery lumen diameter in a Turkish population

Angiographic analysis of normal coronary artery lumen diameter in a Turkish population

Cross-sectional area measurement of the coronary arteries using CT angiography at the level of the bifurcation: is there a relationship?

A Novel Parasternal Transthoracic Echocardiographic Window for Detecting Coronary Ostial Dilation after Modified Bentall Surgery

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