Determinants of mortality risk following osteoporotic fractures

Abstract

Nonhip nonvertebral fractures have recently been associated with mortality risk. Larger studies are needed to better understand which specific fractures and factors contribute to fracture-associated mortality risk. The role of bone loss in postfracture mortality needs to be validated in more studies, because of its potential reversibility with antifracture therapies.

Risk of aortic dissection, congestive heart failure, pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with clinical vertebral fracture: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan

“…In fact, the incidence and prevalence of vulnerable fractures, accompanied with population ageing and subsequent frequently occurring home accidents, are steadily rising 38. In addition, CVF in women is constantly a consequence of postmenopausal bone loss 5 7 8. According to recent studies, the prevalence of women older than 50 years who experienced at least one CVF event was 23%–26%, which was higher than that of men (21.5%) 39 40.…”

“…Clinical Vertebral fractures (CVFs) constitute a major healthcare burden worldwide because of its high incidence and strong influence on individuals’ quality of life, medical resource consumption and direct or potential unfavourable impacts on socioeconomic development 1–3. Approximately 1.4 million new cases of CVF are diagnosed globally every year,4 and among these, osteoporosis, trauma and malignancy are the major etiologies 5–9. Acute aortic dissection (AD) remains the major life-threatening vascular emergency, with a steadily increasing incidence because of population ageing and the explosive growth of radiologic technology 10–12.…”

“…Recently, Kim et al 24 reported an association between isolated CVF and future development of pneumonia in women with low bone density. In addition, chronic, worsened and longstanding backache accompanied with CVF might result in a long-term increase of sympathetic tone, fatigue, stress reaction, low physical activity, depressive tendency, diminished pulmonary function and, consequently a poor quality of life, which might be correlated with cardiopulmonary disease risk 3 5 7 8 25. Therefore, we hypothesised that an association exists between CVF and the risk of cardiopulmonary diseases, including AD, CHF, pneumonia and ARDS.…”

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Atypical femoral fractures: risks and benefits of long-term treatment of osteoporosis with anti-resorptive therapy

“…While hip fracture clearly leads to increased mortality and often loss of independence in those who survive, other osteoporotic fractures, particularly vertebral fractures, are also associated with increased mortality [2]. Despite these facts, osteoporosis may not be considered a serious disorder; it does not cause symptoms until there is a fracture.…”

“…At baseline, only 1 of 14 subjects had a serum C-telopeptide (CTX) below the reference range, although 5 had levels of bone specific alkaline phosphatase below the normal range. Interestingly, after a mean antiresorptive treatment duration of almost 9 years, the average T-score for spine and hip were -1 and -1.1 (calculated from the mean bone mineral density in g/cm 2 ). At baseline, all 14 subjects had normal percent osteoid surface and osteoid width in iliac crest biopsies.…”