Determinants of intimate partner violence during pregnancy among married women in Abay Chomen district, Western Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study

Abstract

Background Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is the most common form of violence that harms the health of women and the fetus but practiced commonly in developing countries. There is scarcity of information regarding intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy in Abay Chomen district, Western Ethiopia. Methods Community based cross sectional study was conducted among married pregnant women in Abay Chomen district in April, 2014 using a standard WHO multi-country study questionnaire. Two hundred eighty two randomly selected pregnant women aged 15–49 years participated in the study. Logistic regression and multivariate analysis were employed. Results The prevalence of intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy was 44.5 % (95 % CI, 32.6, 56.4). More than half 157 (55.5 %) experienced all three forms of intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy. The joint occurrence of intimate partner physical and psychological violence during recent pregnancy as well as joint occurrence of intimate partner physical and sexual violence was 160 (56.5 %). Pregnant women who were ever lived with their partner’s family were 46 % less likely to experience recent intimate partner violence. Dowry payment decreases intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy (AOR 0.09, 95 % CI 0.04, 0.2) and pregnant women who didn’t undergo marriage ceremony during their marriage were 79 % are less likely to experience violence (AOR 0.21, 95 % CI 0.1, 0.44). Conclusion Nearly half of interviewed pregnant women experienced intimate partner violence during pregnancy implying the prevalence of such practice in the study site. To that end, increasing community awareness about the consequences of the practice could be important. Moreover, as health extension workers works closely with households, they could be crucial players to increase community awareness about intimate partner violence on pregnant mothers and halt it or its risk factors.

Intimate partner violence among pregnant women in Rwanda, its associated risk factors and relationship to ANC services attendance: a population-based study

“…However, a cross-sectional study among pregnant women in Tanzania gave the prevalence rates of 18% and 20% for sexual and physical violence, respectively 33. Also, a community-based cross-sectional study among 282 married pregnant women in Ethiopia reported even higher prevalence rates for all forms of IPV 34. The differences in results could be explained by true prevalence differences but also could be due to differences in social beliefs on what constitutes IPV, tools and scales that were used for data collection and analyses and sample size.…”

Community based intervention to prevent domestic violence against women in the reproductive age in Northwestern Ethiopia: a protocol for quasi-experimental study

“…Data will be collected using structured and semi-structured questionnaire that is adapted from various literature [ 29 , 41 , 50 , 54 – 70 ]. The tool will be pretested and modified to suit with the local context.…”

“…Moreover, domestic VAW is significantly associated with various poor health outcomes (low birth weight, premature birth, malnutrition, suicide, homicide, mental illness, physical injuries, disability and non-communicable diseases) [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 18 , 20 , 24 – 29 ]. In addition, VAW has been associated with HIV and other sexual transmitted infections (STIs) acquisition, unintended pregnancy, induced abortion and other poor reproductive health conditions [ 1 , 5 , 7 , 10 , 14 , 19 – 21 , 23 , 27 , 30 – 43 ].…”

Predictors and facilitators of gender-based violence in sub-Saharan Africa: a rapid review

“…4 Social support (having e Social support (having ev ver liv er lived with a partner' ed with a partner's family) s family): : Two studies reported a significant relationship between social support and gender-based violence. 24,26 Having lived with a partner's parents was shown to be less likely associated with GBV. P Parit arity and family siz y and family size e: : Two studies reported that parity and family size were significantly associated with GBV.…”

“…This was reported by only one study. 26 Having e Having experienc xperienced abuse of mo ed abuse of mother ther: : Two studies reported that women who experienced abuse of mother in the past, were more likely to be abused. 11,19 PERPETRATOR FACTORS Two studies were carried out among men alone and predictors reported in these studies include sexual history, previous experience of abuse, educational status, substance use, gender-biased attitude, and having experienced abuse of mother.…”