Determinants of households’ food insecurity with severity dimensions in Pakistan: Varying estimates using partial proportional odds model

Akbar, Muhammad; Niaz, Rizwan; Amjad, Muhammad

doi:10.1111/hsc.12995

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with the findings in the international literature, mainly the findings that land size significantly increases food insecurity in Ghana (Mustapha et al, 2016), the findings that household size, farm size, and off-farm income were found to significantly influence household food security in Ghana (Mensah et al, 2013). Our findings are also consistent with the findings in the international literature, mainly the findings that household's income, agricultural income and some households' characteristics, livestock ownership and operating agricultural land are important factors for improving food security in Pakistan (Akbar et al, 2020).…”

Section: The Determinants Of Household Food Insecurity Score Index (Hfias)supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Also, consistent with findings from previous empirical studies, farm size, off-farm income and credit access were found to have significant positive effect on household food security. Akbar et al (2020) discuss the determinants of households' food insecurity with severity dimensions in Pakistan, using varying estimates using partial proportional odds model.…”

Section: Introduction Conceptual Framework and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The determinants of food security in Sudan: the case of Kassala state

Nour

Abdalla

2021

WJSTSD

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PurposeThis paper aims to discuss the determinants of food security in Kassala state using the measurement of Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). We use the measurement of HFIAS and use new primary data from a food security household survey in Kassala state (2019).Design/methodology/approachThis paper focuses on the determinants of food security in Kassala state using the measurement of Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), using new primary data from a food security household survey in Kassala state (2019) and using the multinomial logistic regression analysis and both ordered logit and ordered probit regression to examine the determinants of food security.FindingsOur results are in support of our hypothesis that the significant determinants of household food insecurity are family-owned production (that negatively affects the probabilities of household being food insecure), household income (that negatively affects HFIAS). We observe that the effects of family-owned production on household food insecurity are particularly significant in the case of mildly and moderately food insecurity. We explain that the other factors that affect the household food insecurity include improvement in the level of agricultural services, marketing, banking services and road characteristics that reduce HFIAS. We find a gender gap related to food security in the sense that male-headed households produce more food compared to female-headed households and also families headed by males are more likely food secure. Therefore, the major policy implication from our results is the importance of increasing households income and enhancing family own production of food to eliminate food insecurity.Originality/valueThis paper provides a significant contribution to the Sudanese and international literature because it discusses the determinants of food security in Kassala state. Different from the two other accompanying papers that focused on the incidence of food security in Kassala state using the measurement of Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the determinants of production of food and consumption of food in Kassala state, this paper focuses on the determinants of food security in Kassala state using the measurement of HFIAS and using new primary data from a food security household survey in Kassala state (2019). We fill the gap in the Sudanese literature because we provide a more interesting analysis of the determinants of food security in Kassala state. Our analysis is useful from policy perspective since we provide useful policy recommendations to enhance food security through agricultural development in Kassala state.

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Section: The Determinants Of Household Food Insecurity Score Index (Hfias)supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introduction Conceptual Framework and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determinants of food security in Sudan: the case of Kassala state

Nour

Abdalla

2021

WJSTSD

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“…These factors include maternal education, paternal employment, and poor healthcare system, vulnerable population, knowledge, awareness at household levels, and inequitable food supply. 8 , 9 Almost half of the Pakistani population (48%) suffers from food insecurity, and the prevalence is much higher in rural areas and suburbs of large cities. It is also a major concern that 42% and 27.3% of Pakistani women of reproductive age suffer from iron deficiency anemia and vitamin A deficiency, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Dietary Diversity and Food Insecurity in Urban Households: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Various Ethnic Populations of Karachi, Pakistan

Hashmi¹,

Safdar²,

Zaheer³

et al. 2021

RMHP

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Background and Purpose:The world is experiencing a nutritional transition, yet some regions of South East Asia are still living under the shadows of catastrophic nutritional indicators. Pakistan bears a high dual burden of both communicable and chronic diseases. However, a major contributing factor of both is poor diet and nutrition. The causal pathway of stunting, underweight, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies has beginnings in less dietary diversity and food insecurity. Current literature on Pakistan and other South Asian countries regarding food insecurity and dietary diversity largely focus on women and children aged less than 5 years; however, ethnic and cultural dynamics of the populace concerning their food and dietary practices in Pakistan have not been well explored. It is essential to have a clear insight into the factors involving malnutrition in different clusters, especially different cultures and ethnicities to target specific areas of interventional strategies versus a uniform approach for all. This study aimed to explore the level of food insecurity and dietary diversity in all major ethnic groups of Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan. Methods: Using the multistage random sampling, 535 households from five major ethnic groups residing in Karachi were included in the study. To measure food insecurity and dietary diversity (primary and secondary outcome, respectively), we used a FAO standardized questionnaire (version 3, 2007) that was translated first into local languages, piloted, and employed to collect information. Results: Severe food insecurity levels had an inverse relationship with the household dietary diversity, which persisted even after adjusting for other variables (β=−0.31, 95% CI=−0.65, −0.07). There was no statistically significant association of age, marital status, or education level on food diversity. The most food secure cultural people were those whose ancestors had migrated from India and were Urdu speaking communities, while Sindhi speakers were the least food secure community. Conclusion:It is imperative to investigate more on the cultural causal factors leading to food insecurity to address the root causes of malnutrition and design new cultural-specific interventions that should be employed in large urban centers where different communities reside together.

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“…This model is already applied in studies assessing factors associated to food security, e.g., Akbar et al . [ 84 ] and Ayele et al . [ 85 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the drivers of food security among agriculture-based households in Gurué District, Central Mozambique

et al. 2022

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Background The prevalence of food insecurity in Mozambique is alarming, despite progress made during the 2010s. Several studies apply different proxy indicators of food security (FS) to assess the FS situation. However, these studies overlook the factors affecting FS, using only a single data point that results in an incomplete picture of FS. Food security is expected to fluctuate, being better and worse than what studies suggest. Using a sample of 296 households to assess FS, key drivers conditioning households’ capacity to achieve FS in Gurué District, Central Mozambique, are identified. Data were collected in the pre-harvest period and during the harvest period to capture relevant interseasonal variation of FS. Household FS is assessed using three standard indicators: Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS), Household Food Consumption Score (HFCS), and Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning (MAHFP). Results Each household was classified into a specific FS status depending on the indicator applied. Generally, most households were classified as being severely or moderately food insecure during the pre-harvest season, while during the harvest season, medium and high levels of FS predominated. Nevertheless, varying outcomes were found depending on the indicator used to assess FS. MAHFP and HDDS are more related to the consumption of farm-sourced food, while HFCS responds more strongly to purchased food. Gender and age of the household head, geographic location, size and quality of land, staples production (especially cassava), livestock and crop diversity, as well as cash crops had a statistically significant effect on FS indicators. Conclusions The study concludes that the decision whether farmers should rely on staple foods production for increasing their FS status or specialize on cash crops production to generate income and buy food depends on the indicator used to assess FS, since each indicator captures a specific domain of food security. Thus, one central recommendation derived from our results is that policy makers should promote a balance between market-oriented agriculture and subsistence production to achieve FS.

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Determinants of households’ food insecurity with severity dimensions in Pakistan: Varying estimates using partial proportional odds model

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

The determinants of food security in Sudan: the case of Kassala state

The determinants of food security in Sudan: the case of Kassala state

Association between Dietary Diversity and Food Insecurity in Urban Households: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Various Ethnic Populations of Karachi, Pakistan

Understanding the drivers of food security among agriculture-based households in Gurué District, Central Mozambique

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