Determinants of Diarrhea and Optimal Childcare among Under-Five Children in Nigeria: Insights from the 2013 Demographic and Health Survey

Nworie, Kelechi Martins; Aluh, Deborah Oyine

doi:10.4172/2327-4972.1000229

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Exposure to different pathogens from contaminated water might cause this acute diarrhea. This finding was supported by the studies conducted in Uganda [ 29 ], in Sheka Zone [ 24 ], Indonesia [ 45 ], Nigeria [ 46 ], Amhara Region [ 47 ], Tigray [ 9 ], Derashe District [ 48 ], Jigjiga District [ 49 ] but is in contrast to studies conducted in Farta Wereda [ 42 ], Benishangul Gumuz [ 31 ] and Debre Berhan town [ 50 ]. This difference might be due to the use of water from mixed improved and unimproved sources and the use of different water treatment practices.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among children under five in semi-urban areas of northeastern Ethiopia

2021

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Background Diarrheal disease is still one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in children under five in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Lack of specific data on the prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in the semi-urban areas of Gelsha, found in northeastern Ethiopia’s South Wollo zone, remains a major gap. Therefore, this study was designed to provide data that is important for proper planning of intervention measures to reduce the problem in this area. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 systematically selected children under five in semi-urban areas of Gelsha from January to March 2019. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Bivariable (crude odds ratio [COR]) and multivariable analysis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]) were employed using binary logistic regression model with 95% CI (confidence interval). Variables with a p-value < 0.05 from the multivariable analysis were declared as factors significantly associated with acute diarrhea. Result The prevalence of acute diarrhea among children under five in the study area was 11% (95%CI: 7.8–14.3%). About two-thirds (63.60%) of study participants used water from improved sources. About half (54.90%) of study participants practiced poor handwashing and 45.10% practiced good handwashing. We found that factors significantly associated with acute diarrhea were a child’s age of 12–23 months (AOR = 4.68, 95% CI: 1.45–1.50), the presence of two or more under-five children in the house (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.19–6.81), unimproved water sources (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.28–6.87) and presence of feces around the pit hole/slab/floor of the latrine (AOR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.34–8.31). Conclusion The prevalence of acute diarrhea among children under five was relatively high. To reduce the problem, various prevention strategies are essential, such as the provision of health education to mothers/caregivers that focuses on keeping sanitation facilities clean and child care, and construction of improved water sources. Furthermore, implementing a strong health extension program, advocating an open defecation-free environment, and practicing a community-led total sanitation and hygiene approach might be helpful to sustainably reduce childhood diarrhea.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among children under five in semi-urban areas of northeastern Ethiopia

2021

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“…The prevalence of diarrhea that was noted in the under five in this study was 11.2%. This is less than the 18.8% estimated for Nigerian children by the WHO report in 2009 [11] and 13.4% noted in Samaru, Zaria Northwest Nigeria [12] but higher than 10.3% obtained in Demographic Health Survey (DHS) for Nigeria in 2013 [13]. The prevalence noted in our study being lower than that of Samaru study could be due to the scarcity of potable water and poor environmental sanitation reported in that study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…The prevalence noted in our study being lower than that of Samaru study could be due to the scarcity of potable water and poor environmental sanitation reported in that study. Furthermore, it has been reported that prevalence of childhood diarrhea is more in northern than southern Nigeria [13]. The prevalence reported in our study being higher than that in the DHS, 2013 could be explained by the fact that the survey data were obtained by an oral interview with 35.6% of the household interviewed classified as rich, while 22.9% were poor.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Prevalence of diarrhea and its associated risk factors in children aged 1–60 months at Aba, South East Nigeria

Onyearugha¹,

Okoronkwo²,

Onyemachi³

2020

Eastern J Med Sci

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Background: Diarrhea is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low resource nations. To achieve the Sustainable Developmental Goal 3.2, effective steps should be taken to stem the tide of childhood diarrhea and its associated mortality. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of diarrhea and its associated risk factors in children aged 1-60 months presenting to our health facility. Materials and Methods: In the present retrospective study, we reviewed medical records of children aged 1-60 months with diarrhea admitted to the Children Emergency Room and Pediatric Medical Wards of the

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“…These findings imply that in order to reduce under-five morbidity, there is the need to improve the living conditions of mothers as well as children through the implementation of effective sanitation conditions and enhanced access to healthcare for adolescent mothers. In countries where significant associations were not found between adolescent childbearing and under-five morbidity, other maternal characteristics such as mother’s age, marital status, pregnancy intention, place of residence, mother’s education level, and wealth quintile; child characteristics such as sex of child, and child’s weight; and access and use of maternal healthcare services such as number of ANC visits, place of delivery, and assistant during delivery may be responsible for the under-five morbidity [ 3 , 21 , 26 , 27 ]. Another possible reason for the lack of association between adolescent childbearing and under-five morbidity could be the existence of protecting factors such as better access to health care in general, a better system of educational and professional rehabilitation for adolescent mothers in those countries [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variable was derived from the question, “how old were you when you first gave birth to [name]?” The responses to this question were in single years. Based on the findings of previous studies on under-five morbidity [ 3 , 21 , 26 , 27 ], mother’s age, marital status, pregnancy intention, place of residence, mother’s education level, wealth quintile, sex of child, child’s weight, number of antenatal care [ANC] visits, place of delivery, and assistant during delivery were considered as covariates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal age at first childbirth and under-five morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of cross-sectional data of 32 countries

Ahinkorah

2021

Arch Public Health

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Background The prevalence of childhood morbidity remains high in low-and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this study, the association between maternal age at first childbirth and under-five morbidity in SSA was examined. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving nationally-representative data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 32 countries in SSA from 2010 to 2019. A sample size of 311,603 mothers of children under-five was considered. The outcome variable for this study was under-five morbidity. This variable was derived from the experience of fever, cough, and diarrhoea among children under-five. Both multilevel and binary logistic regression models were used to test the hypothesis that adolescent childbirth is associated with under-five morbidity. The results were presented as crude odds ratios (cORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs), with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Results Children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred at < 20 years were 16 % times more likely to suffer from under-five morbidity, compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at age ≥ 20 years [cOR = 1.16; CI = 1.13–1.19], and this persisted but with reduced odds after controlling for covariates [aOR = 1.10; CI = 1.07–1.12]. At the country level, children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred at < 20 years were more likely to suffer from under-five morbidity, compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at age ≥ 20 years in Angola, Burundi, Congo DR, Guinea, Kenya, and Uganda. Conclusions In this study, an association between adolescent childbirth and morbidity in children under five in SSA has been established. The study concludes that under-five morbidity is higher among children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred before 20 years compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at 20 years and above. The findings indicate that in order to reduce under-five morbidity, there is the need to deal with adolescent childbearing through cultural and social change, coupled with engagement of adolescents and stakeholders in adolescent sexual and reproductive health programmes.

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Determinants of Diarrhea and Optimal Childcare among Under-Five Children in Nigeria: Insights from the 2013 Demographic and Health Survey

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among children under five in semi-urban areas of northeastern Ethiopia

Prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among children under five in semi-urban areas of northeastern Ethiopia

Prevalence of diarrhea and its associated risk factors in children aged 1–60 months at Aba, South East Nigeria

Maternal age at first childbirth and under-five morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of cross-sectional data of 32 countries

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