Determinantes del resultado de la innovación en empresas españolas

Abstract

It has been proven that innovation is essential for the survival of companies as well as for the growth of a country, for this reason an efficient investment in innovation will allow to obtain optimal results and in turn achieve improvements in the organization of the company, efficiency in management and, above all, obtain competitive advantages that generate consolidation in the market. This study examines how determinants of innovation, specifically: Product innovation, process innovation and patents, influence the result of innovation in Spanish manufacturing companies; considering the effect of innovation outputs from innovation inputs (internal R&D expenses, external R&D expenses, public funding, specialized R&D personnel and cooperation with external agents) during the 2003 period -2016. This empirical analysis uses a sample of 12,849 companies that carry out innovative activity in Spanish territory, through the PITEC database. The main results obtained reflect that all the indicators analyzed favor the innovative process of companies, admitting as a conclusion, a causal relationship between the efforts applied in innovation and the response capacity of companies.

Innovation in Latin America and the Caribbean from Advanced Human Capital: Contribution to the Development of Patents in Emerging Countries

“…These two variables, number of researchers and R&D expenditure have lower correlation with patenting. Otherwise, similar research relates R&D investment and patenting as input and output of innovation with a highly significant correlation (Aguirre et al, 2021). This reflects a positive but moderate relationship.…”

“…Given the difficult task of reaching agreements on measuring innovation, it is essential to highlight that a systemic approach is currently considered, encompassing not only innovation inputs but also concrete results (Baptista, 2018;Juliao et al, 2015). Following this approach, several authors validate the number of patents registered by countries as a measure of innovation (Aguirre et al, 2021;Castillo-Esparza et al, 2022;Parrilli, 2010).…”

“…It is evident that in the search for tangible results of innovative performance, several authors measure it in the number of patents obtained by an economy, and this is a reflection of the contribution of the various determinants that converge in advanced human capital (Aguirre et al, 2021;Gama et al, 2019). In this sense, according to Gama et al (2019), who have studied the impact of human capital as an explanatory variable for patenting for 43 countries in the period from 2000 to 2012, it is concluded that there is a high significant relationship between both variables in technologically developed economies and less in countries present technological underdevelopment.…”

“…Based on the literature reviewed, it is possible to consider measuring the innovative performance of a country, based on its level of patenting. Various authors have recently validated its use (Aguirre et al, 2021;Castillo-Esparza et al, 2022;Ochoa et al, 2021). For several decades, human capital has been conceived as a determining factor in innovation.…”

Capital humano: Sus aportes al desarrollo intelectual en las unidades universitarias de investigación en salud

“…Siendo así, podría interpretarse como un contrato psicológico de la persona con la organización. Las normas, creencias y valores compartidos entre los miembros de ésta última, facilitan la generación de ideas, así como nuevos enfoques para el desarrollo de la innovación; de esta manera, los valores y actitudes impulsan las ideas, como también los cambios positivos para la empresa (Pizarro, Real y De la Rosa, 2011;Aguirre, Sánchez y Mendoza, 2021).…”