Determinación de concentraciones de cadmio en plantaciones de Theobroma cacao L. en Costa Rica

Furcal-Berigüete, Parménides; Torres-Morales, Jose Luis

doi:10.18845/tm.v33i1.5027

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It was observed that the presence of Cd in the crop caused the appearance of chlorosis in both treatments (2% and 10%-OM) due to a decrease in chlorophyll, which was more evident as the metal concentration increased in the crop treatments. Chlorosis represents a sign of metallic toxicity due to interference in the absorption of essential elements in the photosynthetic process; since Cd can compete in the absorption and transport through essential elements such as Ca, Mg or Fe, causing stomata closure and resulting in an inhibition of photosynthesis, thus plant growth is considerably affected by nutrient imbalance (Nazar et al, 2012;Furcal-Beriguete & Torres-Morales, 2020;Rodríguez, 2007). It has also been reported that Cd is related to the reduction and transport of Mn, which acts as an energy catalyst in the photosynthetic process and interferes with the entry and transport of Ca, P and K, causing a delay in plant growth and inhibition of photosynthetic processes (Seregin & Kozhevnikova, 2008;Benavides, 2011;Huang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption and Translocation Capacity of Cadmium in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Plants With Addition of Organic Matter

Amaro-Espejo¹,

Castañeda-Chávez²,

Murguía-González³

et al. 2023

JAS

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Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that can be easily absorbed by crops, and can enter through the frequent use of fertilizers in crop areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioaccumulation percentage (BAP) and translocation factor (TF) of Cd in papaya plants exposed to contaminated soils at 50, 100 and 150 mg L-1 and at two concentrations of organic matter: 2% and 10%-MO. Growth variables, chlorophyll and metal concentration were measured after 10 months of cultivation. The results indicated that the greatest growth occurred in soil at 10%-OM in relation to those grown at 2%-OM. Cd bioaccumulation was leaves < stem < root (9 < 22 < 68%) at 50 mg L-1, (7 < 29 < 65%) at 100 mg L-1 and (4 < 34 < 63%) at 150 mg L-1, observing the greatest accumulation in the root. The findings showed that organic matter in soil decreases the availability of metal uptake in the roots. The translocation results were < 1, indicating that the root has the ability to restrict metal transport to the aerial part in plants grown in 10%-OM soil, however, in 2%-OM soil it tends to increase this metal accumulation, suggesting that the application of organic amendments is an alternative to reduce the risk of Cd absorption in agricultural soils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption and Translocation Capacity of Cadmium in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Plants With Addition of Organic Matter

Amaro-Espejo¹,

Castañeda-Chávez²,

Murguía-González³

et al. 2023

JAS

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“…Additionally, most studies on Cd absorption and accumulation in young cacao plants are carried out using soils or substrates artificially enriched with soluble sources of Cd, such as cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 ) [8,11] and cadmium nitrate (Cd (NO 3 ) 2 ) [12]. Likewise, studies conducted in Cd-contaminated soils without the addition of specific sources of this heavy metal have been conducted in plantations with an age exceeding ten years [10,[13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium Accumulation in Cacao Plants (Theobroma cacao L.) under Drought Stress

Ortiz-Álvarez,

Magnitskiy,

Silva-Arero

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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The objective of this study was to determine Cd accumulation under water-deficit conditions by young cacao plants. The study was conducted under greenhouse conditions. Two full-sib families (IMC67 × PA121 and SCA6 × PA121), obtained through controlled crosses, and an open pollinated half-sib seedling family of IMC67, widely used as rootstock in Colombia, were employed. Plants were grown in Cd-contaminated soil (0.356 mg kg−1) without external sources of the metal. They were subjected to water deficit by suspending irrigation for consecutive periods of 19 and 27 days (D19 and D27), followed by rehydration. Water stress reduced leaf water potential (Ψleaf) with values from −1.51 to −2.09 MPa, with full-sib family SCA6 × PA121 being the most tolerant to water deficit. Cd concentration was influenced by biomass reduction (observed in IMC67 × PA121 and SCA6 × PA121) and transpiration rate (evident in IMC67) caused by water deficit. Full-sib progenies IMC67 × PA121 and SCA6 × PA121 accumulated more Cd in the plants than open pollinated IMC67, with higher Cd accumulation in leaves. The translocation factor (TF) revealed that the aboveground organs of the progenies were enriched with Cd (TF > 4). Water deficit increased Cd translocation from roots to leaves in IMC67 × PA121 and IMC 67, while there were no significant changes in SCA6 × PA121. Full-sib family SCA6 × PA121 stood out as the most promising progenies due to their water-stress tolerance and Cd accumulation stability. This study introduces a discussion about the influence of water stress on Cd accumulation in Theobroma cacao.

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“…En el mismo sentido, Argüello et al, (2019) analizaron 254 muestras de cacao ecuatoriano y hallaron niveles de Cd de 0,030 a 10,400 mg/kg con una media geométrica de 0,550 mg/kg y una media aritmética de 0,900 mg/kg de Cd, donde el 45% de las muestras superaron el límite permisible. Se ha sugerido que la contaminación del cacao se debe al Cd presente en el suelo de manera natural por la actividad volcánica, al uso de fertilizantes y al agua para riego contaminada con este metal pesado (Mite et al, 2010;Chávez et al, 2015;Chávez et al, 2016;Barraza et al, 2018;Kruszewski et al, 2018;Furcal-Beriguete & Torres-Morales, 2020;Argüello et al, 2021). Dentro de los metales pesados se han descrito el arsénico, el cadmio y el plomo como los más tóxicos presentes en el cacao (Abt et al, 2018;Anyimah-Ackah et al, 2018), y de los derivados del cacao el chocolate en polvo es uno de los productos más consumidos y en especial por los niños, donde la presencia de metales pesados representa un riesgo para su salud y una preocupación pública (Abt et al, 2018;Anyimah-Ackah et al, 2018;Maddela et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudio de Línea Base de las Concentraciones de Metales Pesados en Chocolate en Polvo Comercializado en Guayaquil, Ecuador

Sánchez-Soledispa

Zambrano-Vera

Arévalo-Castro³

et al. 2021

IRR

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ResumenEn Ecuador se ha demostrado contaminación por metales pesados en el cacao; sin embargo, no se ha estudiado el impacto de esta contaminación sobre el chocolate en polvo de consumo nacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue generar una línea base de la concentración de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en chocolate en polvo comercializado en la ciudad de Guayaquil. Para ello, se adquirieron muestras de chocolate en las zonas norte, centro y sur de la ciudad en tiendas y supermercados. Se eligieron tres marcas más populares y se analizaron por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica con horno de grafito. El plomo no fue detectable en el chocolate; el As se encontró en bajos niveles en la Marca-1 (0,030 ± 0,021 mg/kg) y la Marca-3 (0,060 ± 0,034 mg/kg), y, por el contrario, se halló cadmio en todas las marcas de chocolate, con concentraciones de 0,236 ± 0,082 mg/kg en la Marca-1, 0,169 ± 0,066 mg/kg en la Marca-2 y la Marca-3 superó el límite máximo permisible de 0.600 mg/kg según normativa europea con 1,440 ± 0,212 mg/kg, representando un riesgo para los consumidores.

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Determinación de concentraciones de cadmio en plantaciones de Theobroma cacao L. en Costa Rica

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Absorption and Translocation Capacity of Cadmium in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Plants With Addition of Organic Matter

Absorption and Translocation Capacity of Cadmium in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Plants With Addition of Organic Matter

Cadmium Accumulation in Cacao Plants (Theobroma cacao L.) under Drought Stress

Estudio de Línea Base de las Concentraciones de Metales Pesados en Chocolate en Polvo Comercializado en Guayaquil, Ecuador

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