Determents of sustainable charcoal production in AWI zone; the case of Fagita Lekoma district, Ethiopia

Bekele, Birhanu; Kemal, Abdo W

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11963

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Despite the increasing charcoal production and demand in developing countries, including Ethiopia, there is still a prevalent reliance on inefficient and unsustainable traditional kilns. Traditional charcoal production methods are often inefficient, with low conversion rates of wood to charcoal [ 6 , [14] , [15] , [16] ]. This means more trees need to be cut down to produce large amounts of charcoal, which further worsens deforestation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional charcoal production is associated with narratives of environmental degradation, deforestation, and climate change [ 17 , 18 ]. Furthermore, those traditional charcoal production sites are usually not managed sustainably, leading to soil degradation [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Fagta Lokoma district, Northwestern Ethiopia, charcoal production from Acacia decurrens small-scale plantation forests is a recent phenomenon [ 14 , [26] , [27] , [28] ]. Acacia decurrens, commonly known as green wattle or early black wattle, is a species of Acacia tree native to southeastern Australia [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Improving traditional charcoal production system for sustainable charcoal income and environmental benefits in highlands of Ethiopia

Tazebew,

Sato,

Addisu

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving traditional charcoal production system for sustainable charcoal income and environmental benefits in highlands of Ethiopia

Tazebew,

Sato,

Addisu

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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“…Moreover, the per capita consumption of Ethiopian urban households was estimated at 386 kg/head while in rural areas it was merely 9 kg/head (Djampou, 2019). Nonetheless, charcoal has such important economic bene ts and even expected to double its demand in developing countries in the coming decades, charcoal producers do not have access to knowledge or improved charcoal-making technology for sustainable charcoal production and use ine cient charcoal making kilns (Baumert et Zorrilla-Miras et al, 2018) and there is no incentive or regulation to produce charcoal e ciently in subsharan Africa where food insecurity and poverty is sever (Bekele & Kemal, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charcoal Production Systems from Smallholder Plantation implications on Carbon Emission and Sustainable Livelihood Benefits in North Western Ethiopia

Tazebew

Sato

Addisu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Charcoal production from Eucalyptus camaldulensis small-scale plantations has considerable socioeconomic benefits and improves livelihoods in Ethiopia. Nonetheless, charcoal is produced using traditional earth mound kilns, resulting in poor efficiency, lower charcoal income, and pollution of the environment. This research evaluates the charcoal conversion efficiency, cost-benefit analysis, and emission of gases from improved charcoal-making kilns from Eucalyptus camaldulensis small-scale plantations compared to traditional earth mound kilns. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with a level of significance of t 0.05. The result of the study shows significant (P < 0.001) variation in charcoal conversion efficiency among the different tested kilns, with the order of green mad retort kiln (33.7%) > Casamance kiln (32.09%) > MRV steel kiln (28.25%) > traditional earth mound kilns (23.55%). Improved charcoal-making kilns increased the efficiency of wood-to-charcoal conversion by 20–43% compared to the traditional earth mound kilns. The financial profitability analysis revealed that Casamance improved kilns generate the highest equivalent annual charcoal income (117126.9 ETB year-1) followed by Green Mad Retort (82893.8 ETB year-1) and MRV steel kilns (58495.9 ETB year-1) respectively. As was expected, the lowest net present value was found from traditional earth mound kilns (47304.3 ETB year-1). The carbonization time of traditional earth mound kilns was significantly (P < 0.001) the longest, with 3.6 times in the Mark V kiln and 2 times in the Casamance kiln. Furthermore, statistical analysis shows that improved charcoal-making technology reduces the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) by 36.1–50.7%, carbon monoxide (CO) by 39.2–54.3%, and methane (CH4) by 29.6–47%. In general, a shift from traditional to cleaner, renewable, and environmentally friendly charcoal kilns is needed.

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“…The demand for charcoal production and consumption has increased from year to year. Recently, it has been reported to reach 53 million tons globally [4]. The highest production is from Africa (62.1%), followed by America (19.6%) and Asia (17.0%), while a small part is fabricated in Europe (1.2%) and Oceania (0.1%) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alaban wood (Vitex pinnata) as a promising feedstock in the community-scale charcoal industry: A case study of KPHP Kendilo, Indonesia

Sudaryanto,

Haqiqi,

Yuliansyah

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Indonesian forest production management unit, also called KPHP, have initiated various programs to develop the prosperity of local societies around forest area, including their independence in the energy sector. Charcoal is an ancient green energy which is still traditionally produced by those people for daily usage. Currently, the demand of charcoal for many modern industries in the world has been growing, showing its high potential as future export commodities since Indonesia has a richness in the forest biomass resources for charcoal feedstock. Therefore, we conducted a suitability analysis of the community-scale charcoal production at KPHP Kendilo, one of the forest management units located in East Kalimantan province. Alaban wood (Vitex pinnata) is considered the most potential biomass in this area, indicating its high availability in nature for charcoal feedstok. It was converted by a drum kiln technique using ratio of fuel wood and raw material at 1 : 2 (dry matter) for approximately 4 hours. It showed that the plant having diameter of above 15 cm possessed the highest charcoal yield (6.83 ton/ha), with appropriate energy properties (7,001 kcal/kg). Finally, this study points out the promising of Alaban wood in KPHP Kendilo for charcoal production in the rural communities.

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Determents of sustainable charcoal production in AWI zone; the case of Fagita Lekoma district, Ethiopia

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Improving traditional charcoal production system for sustainable charcoal income and environmental benefits in highlands of Ethiopia

Improving traditional charcoal production system for sustainable charcoal income and environmental benefits in highlands of Ethiopia

Charcoal Production Systems from Smallholder Plantation implications on Carbon Emission and Sustainable Livelihood Benefits in North Western Ethiopia

Alaban wood (Vitex pinnata) as a promising feedstock in the community-scale charcoal industry: A case study of KPHP Kendilo, Indonesia

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