Deterioration of the Health of School and Preschool Children by Changing the Technogenic Load on the Territory of Schools and Kindergartens

Abstract

The paper analyzes the state of the car fleet of Ukraine and provides statistical numbers of cars in 2020. The aim of the work is to assess the contamination of heavy metals in soils located on the territory of children's educational institutions in Kyiv, near highways, and to calculate the health risk from exposure to heavy metals. The structure of the housing stock of Ukraine by years of construction is shown. The influence of heavy metals on human health is given. Soil samples taken on the territory of the city of Kyiv at playgrounds for the content of pollutants were studied. A study has been conducted on the health risks of school and preschool children from the effects of soil contamination with heavy metals in the surrounding areas near educational institutions, where children spend most of their lives. The hydrogen index of aqueous extracts was determined, the sulfate-chloride content was analyzed, and the presence of basic cations and anions was determined. The urgency of the work lies in the problem of soil contamination in schools and kindergartens, which requires constant review. It is important to constantly monitor the soil cover within the surrounding areas, to take samples from the surface layer and at depths. It is also important to consider this issue when designing and building new facilities.