Deterioration of stored grains by fungi

Çhristensen, C. M.

doi:10.1007/bf02930521

Cited by 157 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Dalling et al (2011) suggested that the water-impermeable seed coat is a barrier to microbe access to the embryo. We further suggest that the water-impermeable seed coat prevents imbibition and thus keeps the moisture content low enough to be unfavourable for microbial action, and thus PY assists in reducing seed pathogenicity (Christensen, 1957;Hill and Lacey, 1983).…”

Section: Escape Mechanism From Predators and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 98%

The crypsis hypothesis: a stenopic view of the selective factors in the evolution of physical dormancy in seeds

et al. 2015

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Physical dormancy (PY) in seeds/fruits, which is caused by the water-impermeable palisade layer, has long been considered a mechanism for synchronizing germination to a favourable time for seedling survival and establishment. Recently, a new hypothesis (crypsis hypothesis) was proposed as the main selective factor for the evolution of PY. However, there are some misconceptions in this hypothesis. Our objective is to critically evaluate the crypsis hypothesis and to point out that there are multiple adaptive roles of PY. The fundamental argument in the crypsis hypothesis, that PY evolved as an escape mechanism from predators, is not valid according to the evolutionary theory of Darwin. According to Darwin's hypothesis, variations (dormancy in our case) within a population occur randomly, i.e. there is no direct function of a variation at the time of its origin. Different selection pressures operating in the environment increase or decrease the fitness of individuals with the variation. Water-gap anatomy in seeds/fruits and phylogenetic relationships of species with PY suggest that PY has evolved several times in angiosperms. Thus, we argue that not only predatory pressure but also several other environmental pressures (e.g. proper timing of germination, ultra-drying of seeds, dispersal and pathogens) were involved in increasing the fitness of species producing seeds with PY. The significance of PY in the survival of the species under the abovementioned environmental pressures and other misconceptions of the crypsis hypothesis are discussed in detail.

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Section: Escape Mechanism From Predators and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 98%

The crypsis hypothesis: a stenopic view of the selective factors in the evolution of physical dormancy in seeds

et al. 2015

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“…were frequent isolates in the early growth stages and these fungi are known to cause discolo ration of the hull and darkening of the pericarp during ripening. They do not however, brown or blacken the embryo, reduce yields, or affect seed germination (3,18). The high incidence of recovery of C. sativus in the later stages of growth, and the typical darkened embryos and lack of germination of a high proportion of infected kernels, suggest that the observations described pertain primarily to this pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Drechslera, Ahernaria, and Fusarium are the major genera of field fungi that invade developing kernels, and their mycelia are commonly found between the husk and pericarp and in the pericarp itself (3,14,23,28). In the present study Alternaria spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Timing and Nature of Seed Infection of Barley byCochliobolus Sativus

Stevenson¹

1981

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Several researchers have reported that Trichoderma species are characterized by their mode of action primarily to occupy the site before the arrival of phytopathogenic, and have a good activity mycoparasitic and competitive ability (Chet 1987). Trichoderma is a natural fungus that colonizes the soil and plant roots before phytopathogenic, it can play a role in the health of plants (Gams and Bissett 1998 Christensen (1957) has been reported that fungi invade grain fields under development on the growing plant or after the seeds have matured. At this stage, the water content of seeds is high and their tissues are active.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%