Deterioration of Automotive Polymeric Materials in Exposed to Pongamia pinnata Biodiesel

Meenakshi, H. N.; Sah, Anish Prasad; Sah, Rajesh

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2017.20528

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The overall compatibility sequence of polymers was found to be PAA > PPA for static and PPA > PAA for flow conditions. 14 Comparative studies of PTFE and NBR with B20D75E5, B0 (diesel 100%) and B100 (biodiesel 100%) blends showed that mass loss of NBR was higher than PTFE. Change in mass and volume of NBR is mainly attributed to the relaxation of polymer chain and absorption of solvent.…”

Section: Propertymentioning

confidence: 98%

Exposure of thermoplastics to methanol–gasoline blends: A material compatibility study

Nandakrishnan¹,

Balakrishna²,

Nair

2022

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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Alcohols are increasingly being looked upon as the most viable alternative to the conventional sources of energy. Methanol is the first member of the alcohol family and can be easily synthesized from syngas. It is an attractive blend to gasoline due to its advantageous properties. There is a necessity to make sure that the infrastructure is ready to adapt these alternative fuels. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the degradation of widely used thermoplastics in fuel tanks, pipes, and the fuel injection system, namely, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), and high density polyethylene (HDPE) post exposure to methanol–gasoline blends (P100, M15, and M30) for a period of 4, 10, and 30 days. The effects of the exposure were examined by comparing changes in gain/loss of mass, hardness, elongation, and tensile strength. The surface morphology changes of the polymeric coupons were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and their elemental analysis was done by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The studied materials were found to gain mass in the order HDPE > PTFE >PET. The decrease in hardness was found to be more in HDPE followed by PTFE and PET. PTFE and PET showed reduction in strength but an increase in tensile strength was observed for HDPE post exposure to fuel blend. Highest change in elongation was found in HDPE followed by PTFE and PET. The changes were found to be the least in P100 followed by M15 and maximum in M30 blends for all immersion periods.

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Section: Propertymentioning

confidence: 98%

Exposure of thermoplastics to methanol–gasoline blends: A material compatibility study

Nandakrishnan¹,

Balakrishna²,

Nair

2022

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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“…At 25, 50, and 70 °C, the compatibility of B0, B10, B20, and BD100 palm biodiesel blends with automotive polymeric materials such as polypthalamide and polyarylamide was examined. At higher temperatures, both polymeric materials showed a large mass increase . The impact of biodiesel’s molecular structure and feedstock on its compatibility with NBR was explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At higher temperatures, both polymeric materials showed a large mass increase. 24 The impact of biodiesel's molecular structure and feedstock on its compatibility with NBR was explored. It has been found that the fatty acid ester's carbon chain length, amount of double bonds, and alcohol moiety chain length all have a significant impact on its compatibility with the NBR.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility Effects of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blend on Fuel System Elastomers in Compression Ignition Engines

Venkatesan,

Krishnaiah,

Prasad

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Alternative energy sources, such as biodiesel, play a vital role in environmental protection. Waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel has promising applications in compression ignition engines. A major problem regarding biodiesel implementation is the deterioration and materials incompatibility of existing fuel system components with biodiesel. Variations in the composition of fuel prompted by the inclusion of biodiesel cause a variety of issues in diesel engine fuel systems where the elastomer is generally utilized as the fuel hose material and sealings. In this experimental work, the effects of the diesel and WCO biodiesel blends (B8, B16, B24, and B100) on Buna-N, ethylene propylene rubber (EPR), and polystyrene (PS) were examined by the immersion test, which was conducted for 160 h at various immersion temperatures of 30, 60, and 80 °C, respectively. The study also showed that the use of elastomer materials like Buna-N, EPR, and PS in diesel engines fueled up to 20% WCO biodiesel blends is advantageous; the overall compatibility improves by 100% compared to that obtained using neat diesel. The outcome revealed remarkable behavior changes, including a minor increase in volume and a slight loss in tensile strength and hardness compared to that observed using neat diesel fuel. The expansion of rubber materials increases over 60 °C, although the rate of this process decreases above 80 °C. It has been found that the expansion of rubber materials is unaffected by the acid concentration of the WCO biodiesel blends but significantly affected by the moisture content.

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“…The exposure of hoses to different fuels with the increasing blend ratio of biodiesel led to the degradation of tensile strength. Meenakshi investigated the compatibility of B0, B10, B20, and BD100 palm biodiesel blends with automotive polymeric materials including polypthalamide and polyarylamide at 25, 50, and 70 °C. Both polymeric materials revealed a significant mass increase at higher temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Used Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blends and Elastomer Materials in the Diesel Engine

Luo

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Used cooking oil (UCO) biodiesel may be one of the most potential alternative fuels in China to lower the dependency on crude oil for transportation. An experimental study has been conducted to assess the interactions between biodiesel produced from UCO in Shanghai and elastomer materials on high-speed marine diesel engines by immersing elastomer materials into conventional fossil diesel, 5, 10, and 20%, of a volumetric blending ratio of UCO biodiesel and pure UCO biodiesel. The test duration is 168 h at different temperatures of 25, 50, and 70 °C. Meanwhile, the effects of the mixing ratio of UCO biodiesel and the immersion temperature on the compatibility of elastomer materials with UCO biodiesel were analyzed. The results revealed that elastomer materials such as nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), fluororubber (FKM), and silicone rubber (SR) exposed to biodiesel blends would reveal worse but acceptable changes than those exposed to petroleum diesel, including the slight increase of mass and volume and decline of tensile strength and hardness. FKM, NBR, and SR represented better compatibility with pure UCO biodiesel than diesel, and EPDM showed worse compatibility with UCO biodiesel as the blend ratio rises. In general, the recommended volumetric mixing ratio of UCO biodiesel should be no larger than 20%. The present study could be helpful for the investigation of UCO biodiesel blends as a potential fuel to satisfy the energy demand.

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Deterioration of Automotive Polymeric Materials in Exposed to Pongamia pinnata Biodiesel

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Exposure of thermoplastics to methanol–gasoline blends: A material compatibility study

Exposure of thermoplastics to methanol–gasoline blends: A material compatibility study

Compatibility Effects of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blend on Fuel System Elastomers in Compression Ignition Engines

Interactions between Used Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blends and Elastomer Materials in the Diesel Engine

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