Detection Papers with Chromogenic Chemosensors for Direct Visual Detection and Distinction of Liquid Chemical Warfare Agents

Pitschmann, Vladimír; Matějovský, Lukáš; Lunerová, Kamila; Dymák, Michal; Urban, M.; Kralik, Lukas

doi:10.3390/chemosensors7030030

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Such a device could be used for the orientational detection of phosgene/diphosgene in the armed forces and rescue services. We previously used this chemosensor for the preparation of a detection paper for use on liquid CWA [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second-Generation Phosgene and Diphosgene Detection Tube

et al. 2020

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We have developed a second-generation detection tube for colorimetric and fluorescence detection of phosgene and diphosgene in air. The tube is packed with pellets made of a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium aluminum metasilicate treated with a suitable monoterpene (camphor, menthol) to increase porosity and specific surface area. We impregnated the pellets with a specific o-phenylenediamine-pyronin (PY-OPD) based reagent. The detector with this novel indication charge enables phosgene or diphosgene to be selectively and sensitively detected at concentrations lower than as would those posing acute health risk. Owing to the analytical colorimetric and, at the same time, fluorescence signal, the detector is very robust while featuring good sensitivity and variability. The colorimetric limits of detection were 0.3 mg/m3 (tristimulus colorimeter), resp. 5 mg/m3 (with the naked eye), fluorescence detection limits of 0.3 mg/m3 (with the naked eye), all at an air sample volume of 1 dm3. The response was practically immediate, acid vapors and gases, or diethyl chlorophosphate as a simulant of nerve warfare chemical agents, were disruptive.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second-Generation Phosgene and Diphosgene Detection Tube

et al. 2020

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“…Pitschmann i sur. 35 tekciju G-tipa živčanih bojnih otrova i luizita. 36 Osim detekcijskog papira, razvili su i drugu generaciju cjevčica za detekciju fozgena i difozgena u zraku u koncentracijama nižim od onih koje su akutna opasnost za zdravlje.…”

Section: Kolorimetrijaunclassified

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: I. dio – Kolorimetrija i spektrometrija ionske pokretljivosti

Cetina¹,

Tušek²,

Ključarić³

2022

Kemija U Industriji

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Detection of chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals is very important for security forces. For a long time it has been based on colorimetric chemistry, and only the development of electronics has made the automation and miniaturisation of chemical detection possible. At the end of the 20 th century, automatic chemical detectors, mostly based on ion mobility spectrometry technology (IMS), began to appear on the market. Nowadays, colorimetric detectors are increasingly being used again due to their excellent selectivity and low cost, and new chromogenic reagents are being developed. On the other hand, the development of IMS detectors is focused on the use of an asymmetric field since it allows smaller dimensions and greater sensitivity of the detector. In this paper, besides commercially available chemical detectors based on colorimetry and ion mobility spectroscopy techniques, an overview of scientific research focused on further development of these technologies with the goal of increasing selectivity and sensitivity is given.

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“…In addition to the above-mentioned analytical techniques, devices using simple and undemanding chemical sensors, such as electrochemical sensors [ 10 ], acoustic wave sensors [ 11 ], colorimetric and fluorescent sensors [ 12 , 13 ], as well as semiconductors sensors, can be used to detect CWAs in field conditions. Among the above-mentioned, especially the semiconductor sensors attract a lot of interest from numerous research teams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor Gas Sensors for Detecting Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants

Witkiewicz

Jasek

Grabka

2023

Sensors

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On-site detection of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) can be performed by various analytical techniques. Devices using well-established techniques such as ion mobility spectrometry, flame photometry, infrared and Raman spectroscopy or mass spectrometry (usually combined with gas chromatography) are quite complex and expensive to purchase and operate. For this reason, other solutions based on analytical techniques well suited to portable devices are still being sought. Analyzers based on simple semiconductor sensors may be a potential alternative to the currently used CWA field detectors. In sensors of this type, the conductivity of the semiconductor layer changes upon interaction with the analyte. Metal oxides (both in the form of polycrystalline powders and various nanostructures), organic semiconductors, carbon nanostructures, silicon and various composites that are a combination of these materials are used as a semiconductor material. The selectivity of a single oxide sensor can be adjusted to specific analytes within certain limits by using the appropriate semiconductor material and sensitizers. This review presents the current state of knowledge and achievements in the field of semiconductor sensors for CWA detection. The article describes the principles of operation of semiconductor sensors, discusses individual solutions used for CWA detection present in the scientific literature and makes a critical comparison of them. The prospects for the development and practical application of this analytical technique in CWA field analysis are also discussed.

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Detection Papers with Chromogenic Chemosensors for Direct Visual Detection and Distinction of Liquid Chemical Warfare Agents

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Second-Generation Phosgene and Diphosgene Detection Tube

Second-Generation Phosgene and Diphosgene Detection Tube

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: I. dio – Kolorimetrija i spektrometrija ionske pokretljivosti

Semiconductor Gas Sensors for Detecting Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants

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