Detection of α-fetoprotein with an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence paper device based on green-luminescent nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

A Practical Guide to Prepare and Synthetically Modify Graphene Quantum Dots

“…Whilst we have described a range of different chemistries employed to covalently functionalize GQDs, a number of research groups have turned to non‐covalent interactions in order to increase molecular complexity of GQD materials. Although secondary interactions inherently provide weaker binding, ionic, hydrogen bonding, π–π, van der Waals, and metal–ion interactions have all been utilized in recent times to coat the GQD exterior for cellular imaging,[1c] drug delivery, sensing, and gel formation applications. [40b,111]…”

“…Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are attracting an exceptional level of interest across multiple scientific fields, with novel developments for this nanomaterial in biosensing, photovoltaics, bioimaging, electronics, drug delivery, and chemosensing . With a graphene‐like structural framework of sp 2 hybridized carbon, GQDs are highly heterogeneous, nanoscale, 0D particles with a typical diameter of 1–20 nm .…”

A novel electrochemiluminescence sensor for the detection of nitroaniline based on the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

“…It indicated that the proposed ECL route was based on the diazotization reaction occurred among NA, HCl and NaNO 2 . According to recent catalysis researches about GQD and N-GQDs Zhang et al, 2014Zhang et al, , 2015aZhang et al, , 2015bShen et al, 2012;Valizadeh et al, 2015), there had the diazotization reaction of NA on the modified electrode surface with N-GQDs catalyst. As the active mediates, the diazonium product can require faster electron transfer with N-GQDs to generate strong ECL signal.…”

“…Recently, luminescent methods have been combined with electrochemical techniques to expand GQDsbased sensing applications (Liu et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2015). And researchers have established kinds of N-GQDs-based ECL sensors which were successfully used to detect small molecules, organic compounds, protein, and so on (Zhang et al, 2015a(Zhang et al, , 2015bZhou et al, 2015;Du et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015aWang et al, , 2015b.…”

“…Therefore, N-GQDs were capped on electrode surface with chitosan in this study. Using N-GQDs as luminescence label and catalyzer Zhang et al, 2014Zhang et al, , 2015aZhang et al, , 2015bShen et al, 2012;Valizadeh et al, 2015), an ECL enhancement sensing system was designed (Scheme 1). In the sensing system, N-GQDs were capped on electrode surface with chitosan.…”