Detection of wood decay and cavities in living trees: a review

Soge, Ayodele O.; Popoola, O. I.; Adetoyinbo, A.A.

doi:10.1139/cjfr-2020-0340

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The slow process of identifying suitable trees is a disadvantage of our method, but the process was accelerated by use of local expertise about stem condition. There are also less invasive, but more expensive and cumbersome techniques that can be effective at detecting internal decay or voids in trees (see Soge et al 2021). Future development of such techniques may make them feasible as landscape‐scale conservation tools,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating entrances to tree cavities attracts hollow‐dependent fauna: proof of concept

Ellis

Taylor

Rhind

2022

Restoration Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Redressing the paucity of tree hollows is essential for conservation of hollow‐dependent fauna in many landscapes around the world. We describe a method of accelerating availability of natural hollows in regenerating landscapes by mechanically creating entrances in tree stems that have existing voids or internal decay but have not yet developed entrances. We trialed this method in woodland and forest of south‐eastern Australia in 39 stems in the closely related tree genera Eucalyptus and Angophora. Exploratory drilling of 10‐mm diameter holes was used to detect the presence of internal decay or voids. We then drilled 40‐, 65‐, or 90‐mm diameter entrance holes, depending on the size of the potential cavity, 2.4–4.8 m above ground level. Camera traps showed that drilled entrances were investigated or used within hours of creation. A diverse suite of invertebrates, reptiles, mammals, and birds were recorded entering or leaving entrances, including threatened species. All 39 holes were used by animals with up to six vertebrate taxa using some entrances. Two bird species excavated material from within cavities, and three species of marsupial were recorded taking nesting material into the cavities. This trial provides evidence that adding entrances to currently inaccessible internal cavities in trees has potential to accelerate development of habitat for hollow‐dependent fauna, particularly in regenerating vegetation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating entrances to tree cavities attracts hollow‐dependent fauna: proof of concept

Ellis

Taylor

Rhind

2022

Restoration Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For stem decays, such as those caused by Phellinus tremulae , Porodaedalea pini and Ganoderma applanatum , it is difficult to accurately measure the volume of decayed wood; however, both direct and indirect estimation methods have been developed (Soge et al, 2021). Stem decay rates vary depending on factors that include wood moisture content and temperature (Boddy, 2001), and growth temperature optima have been measured (Humphrey & Siggers, 1933).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of a conceptual framework to assess climate controls of forest tree diseases

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A conceptual framework for climate involvement in forest tree diseases was applied to seven examples to demonstrate its suitability for different disease types: cases where climate favours pathogen biology which then leads to tree mortality or where diseases are caused primarily by climate-driven physiological injury or stress to trees.Hypotheses for climate involvement are derived from detection and monitoring data to express associations of weather or climate factors with disease development at several spatial and temporal scales. Research findings contribute to an understanding of temperature, precipitation and related climate variables that influence biotic and abiotic diseases. To demonstrate use of the framework, we accessed information from the literature which exposed data and information gaps. Among various simulated approaches to test associations of climate and disease, we found disease risk factor models that use climate inputs derived from monitoring and research provide the best understanding of climate-disease relationships. These model outputs project future disease scenarios that can be used to inform climate adaptation strategies. Conservation and management implications for current and likely future climatic conditions are provided for each disease example. The most common guidance in managed landscapes is to move the imperilled tree species to areas of lower projected climate risk and to favour non-host, climate-adapted tree species where the disease is occurring.

show abstract

“…This noted, some defects have received more empirical scrutiny than others. Many studies have investigated how well practitioners can assess the presence, extent, and location of decay [43][44][45][46]; fewer have explored the degree to which decay increases the likelihood of failure [19,47]. In this study, the presence of decay was associated with a greater proportion of branch and whole tree failures (Figure 3), but the data from Koeser et al [19] did not align with this, which is a reminder that the presence of even a severe defect does not always induce failure.…”

Section: Defect Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Visual Defects and Neighboring Trees on Wind-Related Tree Failures

Nelson

Klein

Koeser

et al. 2022

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urban trees are often more sun- and wind-exposed than their forest-grown counterparts. These environmental differences can impact how many species grow–impacting trunk taper, crown spread, branch architecture, and other aspects of tree form. Given these differences, windthrow models derived from traditional forest production data sources may not be appropriate for urban forest management. Additionally, visual abnormalities historically labeled as “defects” in timber production, may not have a significant impact on tree failure potential. In this study, we look at urban tree failures associated with Hurricane Irma in Tampa, Florida, USA. We used spatial analysis to determine if patterns of failure existed among our inventoried trees. We also looked at risk assessment data to determine which visual defects were the most common and the most likely to be associated with branch or whole-tree failure. Results indicate that there was no spatial pattern associated with the observed tree failures–trees failed or withstood the storm as individuals. While some defects like decay and dead wood were associated with increased tree failure, other defects such as weak branch unions and poor branch architecture were less problematic.

show abstract

Detection of wood decay and cavities in living trees: a review

Cited by 25 publications

References 68 publications

Creating entrances to tree cavities attracts hollow‐dependent fauna: proof of concept

Creating entrances to tree cavities attracts hollow‐dependent fauna: proof of concept

Applications of a conceptual framework to assess climate controls of forest tree diseases

The Impact of Visual Defects and Neighboring Trees on Wind-Related Tree Failures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About