Detection of weak electromagnetic interference attacks based on fingerprint in IIoT systems

Fang, Kai; Wang, Tingting; Yuan, Xiaochen; Miao, Chunyu; Pan, Yuanyuan; Li, Jianqing

doi:10.1016/j.future.2021.08.020

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Succeeding studies [24,36] further adapted these detection methods to more practical applications. Fang et al [12] proposed adding unique noise (fingerprints) to sensor measurements and using machine learning techniques to detect the attacks.…”

Section: Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though such attacks are complicated to perform in practice, and as a result are still rare, we need to find effective detection and mitigation strategies to deal with them before they become common. In the last few years, there has been work on detecting such attacks on sensors [12,24,36,41,49]. In this paper, we focus on detecting attacks on actuators, which is quite a bit harder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Electromagnetic Signal Injection Attacks on Actuator Systems

Zhang¹,

Rasmussen²

2022

Preprint

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An actuator is a device that converts electricity into another form of energy, typically physical movement. They are absolutely essential for any system that needs to impact or modify the physical world, and are used in millions of systems of all sizes, all over the world, from cars and spacecraft to factory control systems and critical infrastructure. An actuator is a "dumb device" that is entirely controlled by the surrounding electronics, e.g., a microcontroller, and thus cannot authenticate its control signals or do any other form of processing. The problem we look at in this paper is how the wires that connect an actuator to its control electronics can act like antennas, picking up electromagnetic signals from the environment. This makes it possible for a remote attacker to wirelessly inject signals (energy) into these wires to bypass the controller and directly control the actuator.To detect such attacks, we propose a novel detection method that allows the microcontroller to monitor the control signal and detect attacks as a deviation from the intended value. We have managed to do this without requiring the microcontroller to sample the signal at a high rate or run any signal processing. That makes our defense mechanism practical and easy to integrate into existing systems. Our method is general and applies to any type of actuator (provided a few basic assumptions are met), and can deal with adversaries with arbitrarily high transmission power. We implement our detection method on two different practical systems to show its generality, effectiveness, and robustness.

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Section: Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Electromagnetic Signal Injection Attacks on Actuator Systems

Zhang¹,

Rasmussen²

2022

Preprint

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“…There are several methods for acquiring fingerprint pictures, which is the initial stage of fingerprint identification [ 15 ]. Many fingerprint acquisition methods exist: optical, capacitive, temperature [ 16 ], ultrasonic, and electromagnetic wave [ 17 ] fingerprint acquisition technology. After fingerprint photos are accepted, pre-processing is undertaken to simplify the extraction of fingerprint features, classifying fingerprints according to several characteristic points, then comparing them to those stored in the database to determine if they are the same.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Fingerprint Sensors: Mechanism, Characteristics, and Applications

Niu

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Identification technology based on biometrics is a branch of research that employs the unique individual traits of humans to authenticate identity, which is the most secure method of identification based on its exceptional high dependability and stability of human biometrics. Common biometric identifiers include fingerprints, irises, and facial sounds, among others. In the realm of biometric recognition, fingerprint recognition has gained success with its convenient operation and fast identif ication speed. Different fingerprint collecting techniques, which supply fingerprint information for fingerprint identification systems, have attracted a significant deal of interest in authentication technology regarding fingerprint identification systems. This work presents several fingerprint acquisition techniques, such as optical capacitive and ultrasonic, and analyzes acquisition types and structures. In addition, the pros and drawbacks of various sensor types, as well as the limits and benefits of optical, capacitive, and ultrasonic kinds, are discussed. It is the necessary stage for the application of the Internet of Things (IoT).

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“…The goal of smart cities is to provide a safe, efficient and convenient environment for human settlements. Facilities and structures, such as water, transportation and power, are designed with computerised systems, including databases and decision-making algorithms, where the data can be securely stored in the cloud [2,3]. Recently, the user interaction and dynamic route planning [4] has been quite popular in the smart city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%