Detection of water in an airport tarmac using SFCW ground penetrating radar

Farquharson, Gordon; Langman, Alan W.; Inggs, M.R.

doi:10.1109/igarss.1999.772083

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The SFCW radar generates the data by sweeping over the frequency band using a predefined number of steps. The frequency hopping over a larger bandwidth requires some time, therefore, this is the main drawback of SFCW radars applied to the ground penetrating radar applications [13][14][15][16][17]. The advantage of such designed system is a high sensitivity and a larger bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Hole GPR for Soil Moisture Estimation Using Deep Learning

et al. 2023

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This paper presents the design of a high-voltage pulse-based radar and a supervised data processing method for soil moisture estimation. The goal of this research was to design a pulse-based radar to detect changes in soil moisture using a cross-hole approach. The pulse-based radar with three transmitting antennas was placed into a 12 m deep hole, and a receiver with three receive antennas was placed into a different hole separated by 100 m from the transmitter. The pulse generator was based on a Marx generator with an LC filter, and for the receiver, the high-frequency data acquisition card was used, which can acquire signals using 3 Gigabytes per second. Used borehole antennas were designed to operate in the wide frequency band to ensure signal propagation through the soil. A deep regression convolutional network is proposed in this paper to estimate volumetric soil moisture using time-sampled signals. A regression convolutional network is extended to three dimensions to model changes in wave propagation between the transmitted and received signals. The training dataset was acquired during the period of 73 days of acquisition between two boreholes separated by 100 m. The soil moisture measurements were acquired at three points 25 m apart to provide ground truth data. Additionally, water was poured into several specially prepared boreholes between transmitter and receiver antennas to acquire additional dataset for training, validation, and testing of convolutional neural networks. Experimental results showed that the proposed system is able to detect changes in the volumetric soil moisture using Tx and Rx antennas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Hole GPR for Soil Moisture Estimation Using Deep Learning

et al. 2023

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“…A drawback compared with FMCW radars is the acquisition time, which is longer. A popular use of the SFCW radar principle is in Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) applications [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], where small objects‘ detection was presented. Due to the fact that the signal travels through a highly lossy medium—soil—the sensitivity of such a sensor is crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SFCW Radar with an Integrated Static Target Echo Cancellation System

Šipoš

Gleich

2021

Sensors

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Continuous Wave (CW) radars systems, especially air-coupled Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) or Through-Wall Imaging Radar (TWIR) systems, echo signals reflected from a stationary target with high energy, which may cause receiver saturation. Another effect caused by reflection of stationary targets is noticeable as background within a radargram. Nowadays, radar systems use automatic gain control to prevent receiver saturation. This paper proposes a method to remove stationary targets automatically from the received signal. The method was designed for a radar system with a moving platform, with an assumption that the distance between the surface and target is constant. The design is proposed of an SFCW radar with an integrated system for real-time multiple static target Echo Cancellation (EC). The proposed EC system removes the static target using active Integrated Circuit (IC) components, which generate the corresponding EC signal for each frequency step of the SFCW radar and sum it with the received echo signal. This has the main advantage of removing even multiple echoes at any distance, and excludes the need for a high-dynamic-range receiver. Additionally, the proposed system has minimal impact on the radar size and power consumption. Besides static target removal, the antenna coupling can be removed if the signal appears to be constant. The operating frequency was selected between 500 MHz and 2.5 GHz, due to the limitation of the used electronic components. The experimental results show that the simulated target’s echo using a cable with a known length could be suppressed to up to 38 dB. Experimental results using a moving radar platform and the real environment scenario with static and dynamic targets, show that the proposed EC system could achieve up to 20 dB attenuation of the static target. The system does not affect any other target of interest, which can even move at any distance during the measurement. Therefore, this could be a promising method for further compact implementation into SFCW radars, or any other radar type that generates CW single frequencies.

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“…Thus, it can be implemented and work efficiently in the non-homogenous sand environment. In this paper a stepped frequency continues wave radar (SFCW) is used to overcome the problem of high instantaneous bandwidth and high sampling rate of the pulsed systems [2,3] . This paper is organized as follows; section 2 summarizes the main processing algorithm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic landmines detection enhancement in non-homogeneous environment

Saadouny

Ahmed

Mostafa

et al. 2018

Eng. Sci. and Milit. Techno.

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Mine detection techniques require extremely high detection rates. In this paper, enhancement in a signal processing algorithm is applied in the ground penetrating radar (GPR) in an ongoing research. In GPR microwave signals penetrate into the ground until a buried object reflects them back and the reflected signals are processed in order to extract information about the target. The main purpose of this paper is to apply an algorithm that provides a solution to the main problem of GPR application, which is the strong reflections from non-homogeneous clutter and other reflections from underground rocks and other materials. In this work the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing is applied to enhance resolution and SAR matrix is formed as GPR moves to the next position, followed by adaptive reference subtraction. Afterwards, a sand surface removal, reference subtraction and transition detection are applied in order to emphasize the weak reflections from the buried plastic landmine only and remove other reflections. The results obtained show that the algorithm worked well in the presence of high noise and non-homogenous clutter environment.

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Detection of water in an airport tarmac using SFCW ground penetrating radar

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Cross-Hole GPR for Soil Moisture Estimation Using Deep Learning

Cross-Hole GPR for Soil Moisture Estimation Using Deep Learning

SFCW Radar with an Integrated Static Target Echo Cancellation System

Plastic landmines detection enhancement in non-homogeneous environment

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