Detection of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate and other organophosphorous compounds in Arctic rivers

Allan, Ian; Garmo, Øyvind Aaberg; Rundberget, Jan Thomas; Terentjev, Petr; Christensen, Guttorm; Kashulin, N. A.

doi:10.1007/s11356-018-2947-5

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…39 TDBPP (∼48%) is the most abundant OPFR compound in the legacy site of Michigan Chemical, which produced this chemical 40 years ago. 40 It has also been widely detected at 100−200 pg/L in Arctic rivers, 41 indicating its LRAT potential.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Legacy and Alternative Flame Retardants in the Air of Chinese Cities

Zhao

Tian

Zou

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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An increasing number of alternative flame retardants (FRs) are being introduced, following the international bans on the use of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) commercial mixtures. FRs’ production capacity has shifted from developed countries to developing countries, with China being the world’s largest producer and consumer of FRs. These chemicals are also imported with e-waste to China. Therefore, it is important to understand the current status of regulated brominated FRs, their phase-out in China, and their replacement by alternatives. In this study, a broad suite of legacy and alternative FRs, including eight PBDEs, six novel brominated FRs (NBFRs), two dechlorane plus variants (DPS), and 12 organophosphate FRs (OPFRs) were evaluated in the air of 10 large Chinese cities in 2018. OPFRs are the most prevalent FRs in China, exhibiting a wide range of 1–612 ng/m3, which is several orders of magnitude higher than PBDEs (1–1827 pg/m3) and NBFRs (1–1428 pg/m3). BDE 209 and DBDPE are the most abundant compounds in brominated FRs (>80%). The North China Plain (NCP, excluding Beijing), Guangzhou, and Lanzhou appear to be three hotspots, although with different FR patterns. From 2013/2014 to 2018, levels of PBDEs, NBFRs, and DPs have significantly decreased, while that of OPFRs has increased by 1 order of magnitude. Gas-particle partitioning analysis showed that FRs could have not reached equilibrium, and the steady-state model is better suited for FRs with a higher log K OA (>13). To facilitate a more accurate FR assessment in fine particles, we suggest that, in addition to the conventional volumetric concentration (pg/m3), the mass-normalized concentration (pg/g PM2.5) could also be used.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Legacy and Alternative Flame Retardants in the Air of Chinese Cities

Zhao

Tian

Zou

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Similarly, Hu et al reported OPFRs in seawater of Yellow Sea and East China Sea, with the total concentrations ranging from 15.8 to 353.3 ng/L. Furthermore, surface water, including Arctic surface waters, was also reported among the reservoirs for OPFRs. , Meanwhile, Wang et al screened eight OPFRs in sediment samples from coastal Laizhou Bay of the Bohai Sea of China at a concentration ranging from 6.7 to 102 ng/g dry weight (dw). Due to the fact that the emissions into different environmental compartments are still increasing, the OPFRs can be considered as “emerging pollutants”. , Because of the increase in production and usage as well as their persistence and toxic nature, they have become a cause of concern and attracted attention of researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, surface water, including Arctic surface waters, was also reported among the reservoirs for OPFRs. 12,13 Meanwhile, Wang et al 14 screened eight OPFRs in sediment samples from coastal Laizhou Bay of the Bohai Sea of China at a concentration ranging from 6.7 to 102 ng/g dry weight (dw). Due to the fact that the emissions into different environmental compartments are still increasing, the OPFRs can be considered as "emerging pollutants".…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation and Trophic Transfer of Emerging Organophosphate Flame Retardants in the Marine Food Webs of Laizhou Bay, North China

Bekele

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

142

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Despite the increase in production, usage, and discharge of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), little information is available about their bioaccumulation and trophic transfer in the marine food web. In this study, seawater, sediment, and marine species (10 fish and 9 invertebrate species) collected from Laizhou Bay, North China, were analyzed to investigate the levels, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification of OPFRs in a marine food web. Of 20 OPFRs screened for, 17 were quantifiable in seawater, sediment, and organisms. The ∑OPFRs concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 28.4 ng/L in seawater, 0.1−96.9 ng/g dry weight in sediment, and 21.1−3510 ng/g lipid weight in organisms. Benthic fish accumulated more OPFRs than pelagic fish and invertebrates. A linear and significant increase of bioaccumulation factors with increasing lipophilicity of OPFRs was observed (R 2 = 0.63, p < 0.05), and the biota-sediment accumulation factors increased with hydrophobicity up to log K OW = 4.59 and then decreased with increase in log K OW . Trophic magnification factors of OPFRs ranged from 1.06 to 2.52, indicating biomagnification potential of OPFRs in a marine food web. This study provides important insight into the biomagnification potential of OPFRs and suggests further investigation on this group of chemicals.

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“…The general cleanup and GPC procedures have been described elsewhere 15,19 . Analysis for PRCs and OCs was performed on an Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph coupled to an Agilent 5975c inert XL EI/CI quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in single-ion monitoring mode (SIM) with electron impact ionisation (70 keV) 20,21 . Analyte separation was on a DB-5MS column (30 m, 0.25 mm inside diameter and 0.25 µm film thickness; Agilent JW Scientific) with a 1 µL pulsed split-less injection (pulse pressure 20 psi for 1.2 min and injector temperature of 300 °C).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantification was performed using the relative response of surrogate internal standards and 7-point calibration curves. Deviation (< 20%) of the qualifier ion response relative to that of the quantifier ion was used for identification 21 For samplers analysed in the Czech Republic and in The Netherlands, we refer to previous work 16,22,23 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive sampling and benchmarking to rank HOC levels in the aquatic environment

Allan

Vrana

Weert

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The identification and prioritisation of water bodies presenting elevated levels of anthropogenic chemicals is a key aspect of environmental monitoring programmes. Albeit this is challenging owing to geographical scales, choice of indicator aquatic species used for chemical monitoring, and inherent need for an understanding of contaminant fate and distribution in the environment. Here, we propose an innovative methodology for identifying and ranking water bodies according to their levels of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in water. This is based on a unique passive sampling dataset acquired over a 10-year period with silicone rubber exposures in surface water bodies across Europe. We show with these data that, far from point sources of contamination, levels of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and pentachlorobenzene (PeCB) in water approach equilibrium with atmospheric concentrations near the air/water surface. This results in a relatively constant ratio of their concentrations in the water phase. This, in turn, allows us to (i) identify sites of contamination with either of the two chemicals when the HCB/PeCB ratio deviates from theory and (ii) define benchmark levels of other HOCs in surface water against those of HCB and/or PeCB. For two polychlorinated biphenyls (congener 28 and 52) used as model chemicals, differences in contamination levels between the more contaminated and pristine sites are wider than differences in HCB and PeCB concentrations endorsing the benchmarking procedure.

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Detection of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate and other organophosphorous compounds in Arctic rivers

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Probing Legacy and Alternative Flame Retardants in the Air of Chinese Cities

Probing Legacy and Alternative Flame Retardants in the Air of Chinese Cities

Bioaccumulation and Trophic Transfer of Emerging Organophosphate Flame Retardants in the Marine Food Webs of Laizhou Bay, North China

Passive sampling and benchmarking to rank HOC levels in the aquatic environment

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