Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in shellfish and fish in parts of China

Zhang, Meng; Yang, Zhen; Wang, Shuai; Tao, LongFei; Xu, Lixin; Ren, Yan; Song, Xiaoling; Li, Xiangrui

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.022

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The results from previous studies indicated that PCR methods were expected to be highly specific and to be more efficient to detect low oocyst concentrations [24]. Therefore, in this study PCR assay based on the ITS-1 gene was used to detect T. gondii oocysts in soil samples for its high specificity and sensitivity [6]. The results of the current research showed that the detection limit of the method was 50 tachyzoites (equal to 6.25 oocysts) [25] of T. gondii in 0.5 g soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCR method based on T. gondii -conserved gene internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) as target gene for soil detection was conducted according to previously reported [6]. To standardize the sensitivity, diluted T. gondii tachyzoites at the concentration of 1 × 10 5 , 1 × 10 4 , 1 × 10 3 , 5 × 10 2 , 1 × 10 2 , 5 × 10 1 , 1 × 10 1 , 1 × 10 0 were mixed respectively with 0.5 g blank soils.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T. gondii infections are widely prevalent in human beings and animals worldwide [2, 3]. In China, many investigations have been done to estimate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in swine [4], poultry [5] and in the shellfish and fish [6]. It has been accepted that postnatal infections in humans are acquired by ingesting one of the two persistent stages of T. gondii , i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in chicken and soil of chicken farms in Nanjing region, China

Liu

Han

et al. 2017

Infect Dis Poverty

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BackgroundSoil is increasingly recognized as an important source in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of T. gondii in the soil and to grasp the relationships between the contamination of soil and chicken infections.MethodsPCR method based on T. gondii-conserved gene internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) as target gene and ELISA method (sGRA8-ELISA) using the recombinant protein of shortened GRA8 gene of T. gondii as antigen were developed and applied. From April 2013 to March 2014, a total of 700 soil samples were collected at various sites located in thirty farms categorized as free range farm and scale farm in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, in different seasons. Additionally, a total of 350 sera of chickens were collected from free range farms to determine the presence of antibodies against T. gondii using sGRA8-ELISA.ResultsThe serological results showed that, antibodies were found in 194 of 250 (67.14%) samples from farms with T. gondii positive in soil and 41 of 100 samples from farms with T. gondii negative in soil (41.00%) (P < 0.01). The PCR detection of soil samples showed that, 7 (2.0%) of 350 samples collected from feeding zone in free range farms were found positive of T. gondii, whereas no sample was positive in scale farms. In the seasonal detections, T. gondii was found in 6 (3.33%) samples collected in autumn and 1 (0.56%) collected in winter.ConclusionsThe results indicated that the contamination of T. gondii in soil in the free range farms was higher than that in the scale farms and seroprevalence of T. gondii in chickens in the farm with soil contamination was higher than that with no soil contamination. The soil contamination might be an effective indicator of T. gondii infection in chickens.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-017-0277-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in chicken and soil of chicken farms in Nanjing region, China

Liu

Han

et al. 2017

Infect Dis Poverty

Self Cite

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“…This observation clearly indicates that organotropism and transport of oocysts in organisms represents an important factor to be further characterized in further studies. In fact, T. gondii was recently detected in aquatic organisms in China, i.e., shrimps, crayfish, and fish, but only 6 out of 3432 organisms were T. gondii-positive after DNA extraction from digestive tracts and PCR detection (Zhang et al 2014). The authors concluded that T. gondii levels in Chinese waters are low.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They then in turn become prey conveying T. gondii oocysts to marine wildlife. More recently, T. gondii was detected in shrimp, crayfish, and fish in various regions of China (Zhang et al 2014) and in marine mussels in Turkey (Aksoy et al 2014). Aquatic organisms can act as paratenic hosts by filtering, concentrating, and accumulating pathogens in their tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Toxoplasma gondii levels in zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) by real-time PCR: an organotropism study

Ladeiro

Bigot-Clivot

Aubert

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Water quality is a public health concern that calls for relevant biomonitoring programs. Molecular tools such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are progressively becoming more sensitive and more specific than conventional techniques to detect pathogens in environmental samples such as water and organisms. The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) has already been demonstrated to accumulate and concentrate various human waterborne pathogens. In this study, first, a spiking experiment to evaluate detection levels of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in zebra mussel organs using real-time PCR was conducted. Overall, lower DNA levels in the hemolymph, digestive gland, and remaining tissues (gonad and foot) were detected compared to mantle, muscle, and gills. Second, an in vivo experiment with 1000 T. gondii oocysts per mussel and per day for 21 consecutive days, followed by 14 days of depuration time in protozoa-free water was performed. T. gondii DNA was detected in all organs, but greatest concentrations were observed in hemolymph and mantle tissues compared to the others organs at the end of the depuration period. These results suggest that (i) the zebra mussel is a potential new tool for measuring T. gondii concentrations and (ii) real-time PCR is a suitable method for pathogen detection in complex matrices such as tissues.

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