Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in small ruminants in Chennai using PCR and modified direct agglutination test

Satbige, Ajay Suryakant; Bharathi, M. Vijaya; Ganesan, P. I.; Sreekumar, C.; Rajendran, C.

doi:10.1007/s12639-015-0713-x

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A low prevalence of 7% recorded in the pigs in current study was comparable with the prevalence reported in sheep, goat (4–6%) and poultry (5%) in India [2, 27, 33]. This low prevalence could be attributed to false negative results due to use of small amount of tissue sample (200 ul) for extracting DNA in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Prevalence, molecular detection and risk factors investigation for the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in slaughter pigs in North India

et al. 2019

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BackgroundToxoplasma gondii, an important food borne zoonotic parasite, infects almost all warm-blooded animals including pigs. People primarily become infected with T. gondii via consuming meat of infected animals. Status of T. gondii is largely unknown in pigs in India including northern regions. We, therefore, determined the prevalence of T. gondii infection in pigs from North India.ResultsDNA of T. gondii was detected in 6.7% (54/810) of the tested slaughter pigs. Highest prevalence was observed in pigs from Punjab (8.2%) followed by Chandigarh (5.3%) and Uttarakhand (4.8%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates from pigs had 96–100% nucleotide identity with Type I RH strain (AF179871), 96–99.7% with VEG type III strain (LN714499) and 67–72% with type II ME 49 strain (XM002370240). However, low level of polymorphism in the targeted B1 gene did not allow the determination of the clonal lineages of the isolates. Antibodies against T. gondii was reported in 48.3% (73/151) of the sera obtained from pigs slaughtered at Chandigarh abattoir, and scavenging by pigs was a significant risk factor.ConclusionPrevalence of T. gondii DNA was low in pigs in North India, however, presence of the parasite warrants food safety concerns. Further studies are required to identify the clonal lineage of T. gondii circulating in pigs reared in North India. Pig farmers should be educated about the hygienic management practices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Previously, DNA of T. gondii was detected in other meat producing animals (e.g. sheep, goat and poultry) from India [2, 27, 33]. Methods for detection of T. gondii or its DNA include bio-assays, tachyzoite culture, immunohistochemistry and PCR [29]; all but PCR are labour intensive and time consuming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, molecular detection and risk factors investigation for the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in slaughter pigs in North India

et al. 2019

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“…Samples and sampling area 14 number titre (136 numbers of sheep and 57 numbers of goats) of samples showed positivity by MDAT at 1:20 titre by MDAT out of 193 samples (either of lung, brain and heart) used for our previous study (Satbige et al 2016) were utilized for the isolation and genotyping studies in T. gondii free BALB/c mice (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from small ruminants (sheep and goats) in Chennai City, South India

et al. 2017

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The present study aimed for the isolation and genotyping of from small ruminants (sheep and goats). 14 out of 193 tissue samples (either brain and heart) tested positive by MDAT for anti- antibodies, were selected and bioassayed, which resulted 4 samples positive for after 40 days of post inoculation. Four samples consisting of 3 numbers of sheep and 1 number of goat tissues out of 14 samples detected by B1 PCR, were genotyped at SAG3 locus by nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (nPCR-RFLP). The results of the present study revealed that the four isolates designated as TgShIn19, TgShIn76, TgShIn77 and TgGtIn27 were circulating in small ruminants, were belonged to genotypes of type II (TgShIn19) and type III (TgShIn76, TgShIn77 and TgGtIn27) which are in concordance with the previously reported genotypes from other animal species and further this presumptive results indicating that the genotype II and III could be the predominant in different animal species including birds and humans in India.

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“…Approximately 33% of the global population has been identified as infected with toxoplasmosis [51], and drinking unpasteurized and unboiled sheep and goat milk has been identified as the cause of human toxoplasmosis [48,[52][53][54]. Food animals, goats, and sheep (small ruminants) are the most highly afflicted species among mammals with infection of T. gondii [55], and they are potential pathways for human disease transmission [56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Sheep and Goats in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, results in congenital disorders and miscarriages among livestock and humans worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in sheep and goats in Pakistan from 2000 to 2020. We searched the PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases and selected 17 publications that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Eight studies were conducted in Southern Punjab, six in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, two in Northern Punjab, and one in Central Punjab. The diagnostic tests used in the included articles to confirm toxoplasmosis were the latex agglutination test in 56% of the studies, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 38%, and the indirect hemagglutination assay in 6%. The infection rates were substantially higher among sheep > 1 year of age (37%) than among sheep ≤ 1 year old (19%). Statistically significant differences in infection rates were found between male and female sheep and goats. The overall infection rate by age was also significant among sheep and goats. Sex and age variability between sheep investigations were significant, and sex heterogeneity and age homogeneity were significant among goats. Hence, robust infection control protocols should be implemented to prevent infection in animals and humans.

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in small ruminants in Chennai using PCR and modified direct agglutination test

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence, molecular detection and risk factors investigation for the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in slaughter pigs in North India

Prevalence, molecular detection and risk factors investigation for the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in slaughter pigs in North India

Isolation and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from small ruminants (sheep and goats) in Chennai City, South India

Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Sheep and Goats in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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