Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in Sheep and Goat Milk in Northwest of Iran by PCR-RFLP

Tavassoli, Mousa; Esmaeilnejad, Bijan; Malekifard, Farnaz; Soleimanzadeh, Ali; Dilmaghani, Mahdi

doi:10.5812/jjm.8201

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These are highland districts, with mountainous terrain, which may also affect the distribution of cats. As the cat is the definitive host of T. gondii , (Tavassoli et al 2013), fewer cats in the environment will reduce the risk of transmission to the environment and livestock, thereby reducing the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in the local population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasmosis in Middle Java, Indonesia

et al. 2016

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Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Risk factors include consumption of undercooked meat, raw vegetables, and unfiltered water. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence and spatial distribution of toxoplasmosis in Middle Java, Indonesia, using an EcoHealth approach, combined with geographic information system (GIS). A total of 630 participants were randomly selected from seven districts. Each participant completed a questionnaire and provided a blood sample. The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 62.5%. Of those who were seropositive, 90.1% were IgG+, and 9.9% were IgG+ and IgM+. Several risk factors were identified, including living at elevations of ≤200 m, compared with >200 m (OR = 56.2; P < 0.001), daily contact with raw meat (OR = 1.8; P = 0.001), unfiltered water (OR = 1.7; P = 0.003), and density of cats (OR = 1.4; P = 0.045). Visualizing the spatial distribution of seropositive respondents highlighted clustering in lowland areas. This study highlighted that Middle Java has a high prevalence of toxoplasmosis and identified some important environmental, ecological, and demographic risk factors. When researching diseases, such as toxoplasmosis, where animal hosts, human lifestyle, and environmental factors are involved in transmission, an EcoHealth method is essential to ensure a fully collaborative approach to developing interventions to reduce the risk of transmission in high-risk populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This protein is responsible for binding with the calcium released into the lumen of the vacuole and interacting with tissue (Weis and Kami 1995; Lee et al 2014). Toxoplasmosis can lead to congenital malformation in the intermediate host, abortion, and hydrocephalus (Fusco et al 2007; Tavassoli et al 2013). …”

Section: Introduction and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasmosis in Middle Java, Indonesia

et al. 2016

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“…They exhibited that the incidence of T. gondii in raw camel, sheep and goat milk samples were 0%, 5.55% and 3.70%, respectively. T. gondii has also been recognized in the milk of numerous hosts, such as goat [22][23][24][25][26][27], sheep [28][29][30], donkey [23,31], cattle [32,33], camel [21,[34][35][36], buffalo [11], cat [37], dog [38], rat [39] and even human breast feed [40,41]. In keeping with this, only consumption of contaminated goat milk was associated with occurrence of human acute toxoplasmosis [42][43][44].Nevertheless, some sero-epidemiological surveys specified significantly association with ingestion of raw milk of other livestock and T. gondii infection [45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Age Distribution of Toxoplasma gondii in Milk of Naturally Infected Animal Species and Dairy Samples

2020

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RIMARY infection by Toxoplasma gondii is habitually food borne and ingestion of foods with animal origins is measured as a risk factor. The current survey was performed to assess the seasonal and age distribution of T. gondii in diverse kinds of raw milk and traditional dairy products. Three-hundred and seventy raw milk and traditional dairy samples were collected and subjected to DNA extraction. B1 specific gene of T. gondii was perceived by means of the molecular technique. Eighteen out of 370 (4.86%) studied samples were positive for T. gondii. Molecular incidence of T. gondii in raw milk was 6.08%. T. gondii was also perceived in 2.85% of studied traditional dairy samples, respectively. Sheep milk (10%) and cheese (6.66%) had the uppermost molecular incidence of parasite. Molecular incidence of T. gondii in raw camel milk and cream and butter samples were 3.33%, 5% and 5%, respectively. Samples which were collected through autumn (15.55%) and summer (9.37%) seasons had the maximum molecular incidence of T. gondii. Raw milk samples of older than 4 years animal species (11.39%) had the maximum molecular incidence of T. gondii. The existingsurvey is the first report of seasonal and age distribution of T. gondii in diverse kinds of dairy samples. Raw sheep, goat, buffalo, bovine and camel milk and also traditional cheese, cream and butter dairy samples may harbor T. gondii infection. Seasonal and senile distribution should be measured for molecular incidence of T. gondii in milk of primary infected animals and also traditional dairy products.

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“…Moreover, Molecular assays such as PCR make it possible to detect small quantities of target DNA and potentially provide an alternative sensitive diagnostic tool, specific molecular diagnostics of toxoplasmosis is generally based on the detection of a specific DNA sequence, using different assays and protocols, mostly from highly conserved regions such as the B1 gene repeated 35 times in the ISSN: 2410-7549 genome, 529 bp repetitive element with about 200-300 copies in the genome, ITS-1 (internal transcribed spacer ) that exists in 110 copies and 18S rDNA gene sequences (Jones et al, 2000;Habibi et al, 2012;Moazeni Jula et al, 2013;Tavassoli et al, 2013). In general, this technique has been proven as a useful method in diagnosis of clinical toxoplasmosis (Dubey, 2008), it is highly specific and sensitive and very useful together with serological tests to differentiate the chronic, acute or reactivated infections (Neil and Lappin, 1991;Switaj et al 2005) Early diagnosis of infection is of great consequence for reducing the severity of the disease and the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis (Behbehani and Al-Karmi, 1980;Edward and Dubey, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of K+ Channel Subtypes in Catechin Induced Vasorelaxation in Rat’s Aortic Rings

Al-Habib

Sabir

2015

SJUOZ

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The current study aimed to investigate the role of K + channels subtypes in relaxant effects of catechin on rat's aortic rings. The isometric tension of the thoracic aorta was measured using ADI PowerLab Data Acquisition System. Catechin at concentrations (10-5 to 5x10-1 M) produced more potent relaxant effects in phenylephrine (10-6 M) precontracted aortic smooth muscle with Log IC 50 's of-1.159 mg/ml as compared to potassium chloride (60 mM) with Log IC 50 's of-6.373 mg/ml. The catechin induced relaxation in aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine was 17.464 ± 0.068 %, where as for aortic rings precontracted with potassium was only 5.574 ± 0.131%. In aortic rings preincubated with glibenclamide (10-5 M) and tetraethylammonium (1mM), catechin relaxant effect was enhanced with Log IC 50 s of-3.119 and-3.001 mg/ml, respectively. On the other hand, in aortic rings precontracted with PE and preincubated with BaCl 2 and 4-AP, catechin induced statistically non-significant relaxant effects as compared with aortic rings of the control aortic ring which was precontracted with PE. From the results of the current study, it can be concluded that catechin produced more potent vasorelaxant effect on aortic rings preincubated with phenylephrine that KCl. This vasorelaxant effect of catechin is produced via the activation of both K ATP and Kca, but not Kir and Kv channels subtypes.

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in Sheep and Goat Milk in Northwest of Iran by PCR-RFLP

Cited by 30 publications

References 37 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasmosis in Middle Java, Indonesia

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasmosis in Middle Java, Indonesia

Seasonal and Age Distribution of Toxoplasma gondii in Milk of Naturally Infected Animal Species and Dairy Samples

The Role of K+ Channel Subtypes in Catechin Induced Vasorelaxation in Rat’s Aortic Rings

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