Detection of tick-borne pathogens in questing <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> in the French Pyrenees and first identification of <i>Rickettsia monacensis</i> in France

Akl, Toufic; Bourgoin, Gilles; Souq, Marie-Line; Appolinaire, Joël; Poirel, Marie-Thérèse; Gibert, P.; Rizk, Georges Abi; Garel, Mathieu; Zenner, Lionel

doi:10.1051/parasite/2019019

Cited by 19 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In our study, I. ricinus harbored R. monacensis and R. helvetica that were not detected in the other tick species examined ( Table 1 ). This confirms the previous results observed in North Africa as well as Europe [ 19 , 20 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

High-Throughput Microfluidic Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Multiple Microorganisms in Ixodid Cattle Ticks in Northeast Algeria

et al. 2021

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Ixodid ticks are hematophagous arthropods considered to be prominent ectoparasite vectors that have a negative impact on cattle, either through direct injury or via the transmission of several pathogens. In this study, we investigated the molecular infection rates of numerous tick-borne pathogens in ticks sampled on cattle from the Kabylia region, northeastern Algeria, using a high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR system. A total of 235 ticks belonging to seven species of the genera Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma, and Ixodes were sampled on cattle and then screened for the presence of 36 different species of bacteria and protozoans. The most prevalent tick-borne microorganisms were Rickettsia spp. at 79.1%, followed by Francisella-like endosymbionts (62.9%), Theileria spp. (17.8%), Anaplasma spp. (14.4%), Bartonella spp. (6.8%), Borrelia spp. (6.8%), and Babesia spp. (2.5%). Among the 80.4% of ticks bearing microorganisms, 20%, 36.6%, 21.7%, and 2.1% were positive for one, two, three, and four different microorganisms, respectively. Rickettsia aeschlimannii was detected in Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma detritum, and Rhipicephalus bursa ticks. Rickettsia massiliae was found in Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Rickettsiamonacensis and Rickettsia helvetica were detected in Ixodesricinus. Anaplasma marginale was found in all identified tick genera, but Anaplasma centrale was detected exclusively in Rhipicephalus spp. ticks. The DNA of Borrelia spp. and Bartonella spp. was identified in several tick species. Theileria orientalis was found in R. bursa, R. sanguineus, H. detritum, H. marginatum, and I. ricinus and Babesia bigemina was found in Rhipicephalus annulatus and R. sanguineus. Our study highlights the importance of tick-borne pathogens in cattle in Algeria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

High-Throughput Microfluidic Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Multiple Microorganisms in Ixodid Cattle Ticks in Northeast Algeria

et al. 2021

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“…Almost all collected ticks were identified as I. ricinus, which is in good agreement with previous studies conducted in France [ 32 , 34 , 78 ]. The number of adult ticks ( n = 29) represented 9.2% of our overall collection which was much lower than the number of nymphs collected ( n = 315).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The number of adult ticks ( n = 29) represented 9.2% of our overall collection which was much lower than the number of nymphs collected ( n = 315). This is in line with other studies that have employed a dragging protocol to collect questing ticks [ 78 , 79 , 80 ]. We chose to study I. ricinus nymphs only for three main reasons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Exploring the Individual Bacterial Microbiota of Questing Ixodes ricinus Nymphs

et al. 2021

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Ixodes ricinus is the most common hard tick species in Europe and an important vector of pathogens of human and animal health concerns. The rise of high-throughput sequencing has facilitated the identification of many tick-borne pathogens and, more globally, of various microbiota members depending on the scale of concern. In this study, we aimed to assess the bacterial diversity of individual I. ricinus questing nymphs collected in France using high-throughput 16S gene metabarcoding. From 180 dragging-collected nymphs, we identified more than 700 bacterial genera, of which about 20 are abundantly represented (>1% of total reads). Together with 136 other genera assigned, they constitute a core internal microbiota in this study. We also identified 20 individuals carrying Borreliella. The most abundant species is B. afzelii, known to be one of the bacteria responsible for Lyme disease in Europe. Co-detection of up to four Borreliella genospecies within the same individual has also been retrieved. The detection and co-detection rate of Borreliella in I. ricinus nymphs is high and raises the question of interactions between these bacteria and the communities constituting the internal microbiota.

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“…1B). Similar observations have been made in Italy, France, Slovakia and Sweden where higher infection rates in nymphs than in adults were described (Aureli et al ., 2015; Chvostáč et al ., 2018; Ehrmann et al ., 2018; Akl et al ., 2019). Since the interactions between tick, host and pathogen are highly complex and many factors could be involved (some of which may work in synergy) several explanations are possible (Randolph, 2008; Randolph, 2009; van Duijvendijk et al ., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal study of prevalence and spatio‐temporal distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from three defined habitats in Latvia, 1999–2010

Okeyo¹,

Hepner²,

Rollins

et al. 2020

Environmental Microbiology

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Members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) species complex are known to cause human Lyme borreliosis. Because of longevity of some reservoir hosts and the Ixodes tick vectors' life cycle, longterm studies are required to better understand species and population dynamics of these bacteria in their natural habitats. Ticks were collected between 1999 and 2010 in three ecologically different habitats in Latvia. We used multilocus sequence typing utilizing eight chromosomally located housekeeping genes to obtain information about species and population fluctuations and/or stability of B. burgdorferi s.l. in these habitats. The average prevalence over all years was 18.9%. From initial high-infection prevalences of 25.5%, 33.1% and 31.8%, from 2002 onwards the infection rates steadily decreased to 7.3%. Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii were the most commonly found genospecies but striking local differences were obvious. In one habitat, a significant shift from rodent-associated to bird-associated Borrelia species was noted whilst in the other habitats, Borrelia species composition was relatively stable over time. Sequence types (STs) showed a random spatial and temporal distribution. These results demonstrated that there are temporal regional changes and extrapolations from one habitat to the next are not possible.

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Detection of tick-borne pathogens in questing Ixodes ricinus in the French Pyrenees and first identification of Rickettsia monacensis in France

Cited by 19 publications

References 42 publications

High-Throughput Microfluidic Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Multiple Microorganisms in Ixodid Cattle Ticks in Northeast Algeria

High-Throughput Microfluidic Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Multiple Microorganisms in Ixodid Cattle Ticks in Northeast Algeria

Exploring the Individual Bacterial Microbiota of Questing Ixodes ricinus Nymphs

Longitudinal study of prevalence and spatio‐temporal distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from three defined habitats in Latvia, 1999–2010

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