Detection of the <i>mcr‐1</i> gene in colistin‐resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from retail meat in Japan

Nishino, Yukari; Shimojima, Yukako; Suzuki, Yasunori; Ida, Miki; Fukui, Rui; Kuroda, Sumiyo; Hirai, Akihiko; Sadamasu, Kenji

doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12549

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It should be noted that before 2005 there were no reports that identified the mcr -harboring isolates and most of the isolates currently reported to be mcr positive are historical isolates, dating back to as early as 1980. Similarly, global trade and travel either to countries with high or unknown prevalence (Canada [20], U.S. [21] and Japan [22]), importation of food from infected countries (Japan [23] and Tunisia [24]), and over-prescription of colistin in human medicine to treat highly resistant clinical pathogens (i.e., Argentina [25]) are also the suggested causes. To date, several other mcr gene variants have been identified, including mcr-2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, and -8 , which share 81%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 83%, 35%, and 31% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, with mcr-1 [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteria from animal gut and feces play an important role in persistence and transmission of bacteria that contain mcr genes to humans [40,41,42,43,44]. Bacteria with mcr genes have also been detected in food products [23], wastewater [45], rivers, seawater [46], and humans [47]. The estimated overall prevalence in the animal and food samples were higher than in the human samples (Figure 5, Figure 3A), and this supports the hypothesis of that the food-chain plays a role in mcr transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Burden of Colistin-Resistant Bacteria: Mobilized Colistin Resistance Genes Study (1980–2018)

et al. 2019

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Colistin is considered to be an antimicrobial of last-resort for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. The recent global dissemination of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes is an urgent public health threat. An accurate estimate of the global prevalence of mcr genes, their reservoirs and the potential pathways for human transmission are required to implement control and prevention strategies, yet such data are lacking. Publications from four English (PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Web of Science) and two Chinese (CNKI and WANFANG) databases published between 18 November 2015 and 30 December 2018 were identified. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the prevalence of mcr genes in bacteria isolated from humans, animals, the environment and food products were investigated. A total of 974 publications were identified. 202 observational studies were included in the systematic review and 71 in the meta-analysis. mcr genes were reported from 47 countries across six continents and the overall average prevalence was 4.7% (0.1–9.3%). China reported the highest number of mcr-positive strains. Pathogenic Escherichia coli (54%), isolated from animals (52%) and harboring an IncI2 plasmid (34%) were the bacteria with highest prevalence of mcr genes. The estimated prevalence of mcr-1 pathogenic E. coli was higher in food-animals than in humans and food products, which suggests a role for foodborne transmission. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence of the mcr gene by source, organism, genotype and type of plasmid.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Colistin-Resistant Bacteria: Mobilized Colistin Resistance Genes Study (1980–2018)

et al. 2019

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“…Unabsorbed colistin in a pig is excreted from the pig's gastrointestinal tract into the environment, and this could induce colistin resistance among bacteria that reside in the environment by various colistin resistance mechanisms similar to the bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs that received colistin. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae that emerge in pigs receiving colistin can be transmitted to other pigs that do not receive colistin, and this would contaminate pork that is consumed by human beings, and potentially contaminate the environment [26][27][28][29][30]. Moreover, the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene could potentially be transferred horizontally from colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae to other species of bacteria and become resistant to colistin [6].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the use of colistin for short-term treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections and the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in swine from selected swine farms in Thailand

et al. 2020

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Long-term use of colistin for preventing Gram-negative bacterial infections in food animals was prohibited in Thailand in 2017, but it is permitted for short-term treatment. This study aimed to investigate association between the use of colistin for short-term treatment of infection and the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in swine. The current study was conducted at 2 selected swine farms in Thailand. Neither farm has used colistin to prevent infection for longer than 1 year. Rectal swabs were collected from the same 66 pigs at birth, and on days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 60. Colistin was used to treat sick pigs for up to 3 days. Additional rectal swabs were collected during colistin treatment. Rectal swabs were analyzed for colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the mcr-1 gene. Results revealed that colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were absent at birth. Some pigs at both farms had diarrhea and received colistin treatment during days 2-27. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 13.3-50.0% of sick and healthy pigs. No sick pigs were observed during days 28-60, and colistin was not used during that period. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 2.8-10.0% of healthy pigs on day 28, and in 0-3.4% of healthy pigs on day 60. The mcr-1 gene was detected in 57.6% of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Short-term treatment with colistin was found to be associated with the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in swine. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae rapidly emerged after colistin use, and rapidly decreased or disappeared after its discontinuation.

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“…Likewise, highly variable results have been reported for pork meat samples. The detection rates of E. coli possessing mcr-1 in pork meat samples collected from China [2] and Japan [14] were 19.0% and 3.1%, respectively, while in Germany [19] and the Czech Republic [26], no pork meat sample showed contamination with mcr-1-harboring E. coli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the presence of E. coli is indicative of food contamination, many studies have been conducted to detect the presence of CR-E. coli in foods obtained from animals [13,14]. However, these studies have only provided data on the rate of CR-E. coli positivity and not the abundance levels of CR-E. coli in the samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia Coli in Retail Meat from Local Vietnamese Markets

Nguyen

Khong

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: The spread of drug-resistant bacteria via food has contributed to the dissemination of resistant bacteria among humans. However, the status of food contamination with resistant bacteria, particularly the level of resistant bacteria in food, have not yet been well elucidated.Results: In this study, the abundance of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in meat samples was quantified to understand the origin of the contamination of meat available in local Vietnamese markets. Fifteen samples each of chicken and pork meat purchased from local Vietnamese markets were assessed for the presence of colistin-resistant E. coli with the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr. The results showed that 40% (6/15) and 66% (10/15) of the pork and chicken meat samples, respectively, were contaminated with colistin-resistant E. coli. The median levels of colistin-resistant E. coli in the contaminated pork and chicken samples were 1.8 × 104 and 4.2 × 103 CFU/g, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis of isolates from a chicken meat sample showed that the contaminated colistin-resistant E. coli were a mix of multiple phylogenetical clones of bacteria that may have multiplied during sale. This is the first study to quantify the abundance of colistin-resistant E. coli in meat samples.

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Detection of the mcr‐1 gene in colistin‐resistant Escherichia coli from retail meat in Japan

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Global Burden of Colistin-Resistant Bacteria: Mobilized Colistin Resistance Genes Study (1980–2018)

Global Burden of Colistin-Resistant Bacteria: Mobilized Colistin Resistance Genes Study (1980–2018)

Association between the use of colistin for short-term treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections and the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in swine from selected swine farms in Thailand

Quantitative Analysis of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia Coli in Retail Meat from Local Vietnamese Markets

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