Detection of small selenium-containing proteins in tissues of the rat

Kyriakopoulos, Antonios; Röthlein, Doris; Pfeifer, H.; Bertelsmann, H.; Kappler, S.; Behne, D.

doi:10.1016/s0946-672x(00)80008-5

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The other selenoproteins S, T, (R or X), Z, a 15-kDa protein from prostate, a more ubiquitous 15-kDa protein, a 34-kDa nuclear protein, and a further 18-kDa mitochondrial protein have all been either purified or identified by bioinformatic methods (32,51). However, their true functions have yet to be described.…”

Section: Other Selenoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and the Regulation of Cell Signaling, Growth, and Survival: Molecular and Mechanistic Aspects

McKenzie

Arthur²,

Beckett

2002

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

137

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In the past 30 years, it has been recognized that dietary selenium (Se) is essential for the normal function of many of the systems of the body. Furthermore, low Se intake can have deleterious effects on several aspects of human and animal health. The importance of Se is characterized in its role as a constituent of several key antioxidant and redox enzyme families. Most of the effects of Se are probably mediated by selenoproteins, which have the micronutrient covalently incorporated into the protein. The purpose of this review is to examine basic mechanisms by which Se regulates cell growth, gene transcription, cell signaling, and cell death. We start with the historical background to Se. The synthesis and function of selenoproteins are described, followed by details of the dietary sources of Se and Se status in different parts of the world, together with the clinical effects of Se deficiency and toxicity. We consider some aspects of the molecular mechanisms by which Se modulates cell growth, intracellular signaling, and gene transcription.

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Section: Other Selenoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and the Regulation of Cell Signaling, Growth, and Survival: Molecular and Mechanistic Aspects

McKenzie

Arthur²,

Beckett

2002

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

137

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“…Se is widely distributed throughout the body, but Se levels in the brain are not high compared with most other organs, remains remarkably stable during Se deficiencies, most likely at the expense of other organs [4], [7]–[8]. Additional evidence for the brain being at the apex of Se retention is provided by a study showing that a six generation Se deficiency in rats caused a more than 99% reduction of Se concentration in the liver, blood, skeletal tissue, and muscle, while the brain retained Se levels of 60% [9]. Similarly, the mRNA level of twelve selenoproteins in young pigs fed a Se-deficient diet remained high in the pituitary gland, but was significantly reduced in other organs such as the liver [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priority in Selenium Homeostasis Involves Regulation of SepSecS Transcription in the Chicken Brain

Gao

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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O-Phosphoseryl-tRNA:selenocysteinyl-tRNA synthase (SepSecS) is critical for the biosynthesis and transformation of selenocysteine (Sec) and plays an important role in the biological function of Se through the regulation of selenoprotein synthesis. Selenium (Se) and Selenoprotein play a pivotal role in brain function. However, how intake of the micronutrient Se affects gene expression and how genetic factors influence Se metabolism in the brain is unknown. To investigate the regulation of SepSecS transcription induced by Se in the chicken brain, we determined the Se content of brain tissue, SepSecS gene expression levels and mRNA stability in the chicken brain and primary cultured chicken embryos neurons receiving Se supplements. These results showed that Se content in the brain remains remarkably stable during Se supplementation. A significant increase in SepSecS mRNA levels was observed in all of the brain tissues of chickens fed diets containing 1–5 mg/kg sodium selenite. Most strikingly, significant changes in SepSecS mRNA levels were not observed in neurons treated with Se. However, Se altered the SepSecS mRNA half-life in cells. These data suggest that Se could regulate SepSecS mRNA stability in the avian brain and that SepSecS plays an important role in Se homeostasis regulation.

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“…A study of rats fed a Se‐deficient diet for 13 weeks demonstrated Se retention in the brain when plasma Se concentration was depleted . This was also seen in a study of six generations of Se deficient rats, where more than 99% of Se concentration was reduced in the liver, blood, skeletal tissue, and muscle, but the brain retained 60% of its Se . The retention of brain selenium may explain why selenium deficiency does not produce abnormalities as severe as those associated with selenoprotein synthesis disruption in PCCA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Selenium and selenoprotein function in brain disorders

2014

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Selenoproteins are important for normal brain function, and decreased function of selenoproteins can lead to impaired cognitive function and neurological disorders. This review examines the possible roles of selenoproteins in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and epilepsy. Selenium deficiency is associated with cognitive decline, and selenoproteins may be helpful in preventing neurodegeneration in AD. PD is associated with impaired function of glutathione peroxidase selenoenzymes. In HD, selenium deters lipid peroxidation by increasing specific glutathione peroxidases. Selenium deficiency increases risk of seizures in epilepsy, whereas supplementation may help to alleviate seizures. Further studies on the mechanisms of selenoprotein function will increase our understanding of how selenium and selenoproteins can be used in treatment and prevention of brain disorders.

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Detection of small selenium-containing proteins in tissues of the rat

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Selenium and the Regulation of Cell Signaling, Growth, and Survival: Molecular and Mechanistic Aspects

Selenium and the Regulation of Cell Signaling, Growth, and Survival: Molecular and Mechanistic Aspects

Priority in Selenium Homeostasis Involves Regulation of SepSecS Transcription in the Chicken Brain

Selenium and selenoprotein function in brain disorders

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