Detection of small amounts of H₂O in CO₂‐rich fluid inclusions using Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

Raman spectroscopic analysis at low (−100 • C) or high (100-200 • C) temperature is shown to be effective for detecting small amounts of H 2 O in CO 2 -rich fluid inclusions from the deep lithosphere, which have previously been thought to be water-free.

Melting, fluid migration and fluid-rock interactions in the lower crust beneath the Bakony-Balaton Highland volcanic field: a silicate melt and fluid inclusion study

“…We used a Linkam stage as special accessory to determine the H 2 O-content with microthermometry measurements. Based on the Raman method of Berkesi et al (2009), spectra were taken both at room temperature and at 150 °C. To heat the inclusions we used the same Linkam heating-freezing stage as was used for microthermometry.…”

“…Our specific goal was the determination of water. To reach this goal we made Raman analyses at room temperature and at 150oC, following the method of Berkesi et al (2009), which is a tested and working method (Berkesi et al, 2009, Fig. 1., Table 1) successfully applied in Raman laboratory, where we made our measurements and in other labs as well.…”

“…Our specific goal was the determination of water. To reach this goal we made Raman analyses at room temperature and at 150oC, following the method of Berkesi et al (2009), which is a tested and working method (Berkesi et al, 2009, Fig. 1., Table 1) successfully applied in Raman laboratory, where we made our measurements and in other labs as well. It is easier and more effective, than finding a thin water film at the edge of the bubbles, where a big part of the laser hits either the host and scattered from the curved surface of the inclusions resulting in poorer peak intensities.…”

“…This is much more time consuming method, than the one we applied. The advantages and disadvantages of the applied method are also summarized in Berkesi et al (2009;Table 1.). The main advantage of using Raman analyses in the interval of 100-200 °C, is that CO2 and H2O are homogeneously distributed in the inclusion.…”

C–O–H–S fluids and granitic magma: how S partitions and modifies CO2 concentrations of fluid-saturated felsic melt at 200 MPa

“…At present, systematic experimental studies of solubilities and partitioning behavior of volatile components in fluid-saturated felsic melts are limited to individual and binary volatile pseudosystems involving melt plus H 2 O±CO 2 (Holloway and Blank 1984;Tamic et al 2001;Moore 2008), H 2 O±S (Scaillet et al 1998;Keppler 1999;Clemente et al 2004;Burgisser et al 2008;Keppler 2010), or H 2 O-Cl (Webster 1992 a,b). Some recent studies, however, offer promise because they involve experimental investigation of O-H±C±S±Cl±F-bearing fluids and a variety of aluminosilicate melts (Botcharnikov et al 2004;Spilliaert et al 2006;Nicholis and Rutherford 2006;Botcharnikov et al 2007;Webster et al 2006;2009;Parat et al 2008;Teague et al 2008;Beermann 2010), but most of them have involved basaltic to intermediate-silica melts. Currently, we lack a detailed experimental analysis of volatile solubility behavior in C-O-H-S fluids coexisting with felsic melts at shallow crustal pressure.…”