Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Virus by Triplex Enhanced Nucleic Acid Detection Assay (TENADA)

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2, a positive-strand RNA virus has caused devastating effects. The standard method for COVID diagnosis is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The method needs expensive reagents and equipment and well-trained personnel and takes a few hours to be completed. The search for faster solutions has led to the development of immunological assays based on antibodies that recognize the viral proteins that are faster and do not require any special equipment. Here, we explore an innovative analytical approach based on the sandwich oligonucleotide hybridization which can be adapted to several biosensing devices including thermal lateral flow and electrochemical devices, as well as fluorescent microarrays. Polypurine reverse-Hoogsteen hairpins (PPRHs) oligonucleotides that form high-affinity triplexes with the polypyrimidine target sequences are used for the efficient capture of the viral genome. Then, a second labeled oligonucleotide is used to detect the formation of a trimolecular complex in a similar way to antigen tests. The reached limit of detection is around 0.01 nM (a few femtomoles) without the use of any amplification steps. The triplex enhanced nucleic acid detection assay (TENADA) can be readily adapted for the detection of any pathogen requiring only the knowledge of the pathogen genome sequence.

Chemistry and Biology of Noncanonical Nucleic Acid Structures: From Physicochemical Properties to Therapeutic Applications

“…Aviñó et al propose an innovative analytical method named TENADA (triplex enhanced nucleic acid detection assay) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA [22]. This strategy uses polypurine reverse-Hoogsteen hairpin oligonucleotides that form high-affinity triplexes with the SARS-CoV-2 polypyrimidine sequences for an efficient capture of the viral genome, and a second labeled oligonucleotide is used to detect the formation of a trimolecular complex similar to antigen tests.…”