Detection of SARS-coronavirus-2 in the central nervous system of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome and seizures

Rezaeitalab, Fariborz; Jamehdar, Saeid Amel; Sepehrinezhad, Ali; Rashidnezhad, Azra; Moradi, Fereydoun; Fard, Fateme Sadat Esmaeli; Hasanzadeh, Sepideh; Razavi, Mohammad Etezad; Gorji, Ali; Negah, Sajad Sahab

doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00938-w

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…• Neurodegeneration CSF biomarkers: The most frequently tested CSF neurodegeneration biomarkers were Tau protein, NfL and GFAP, in 33, 51 and 33 cases, respectively. Increased levels were found in 36%, 71% and 18%, respectively 9,61,66,70,77 . One study found a correlation between Tau and NfL levels and the opening CSF pressure 9 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review

Domingues¹,

Brunale²,

Senne³

2022

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms may occur in patients with acute COVID-19. The role of CSF examination in these patients remains to be established. Objective: A systematic review of CSF findings relating to COVID-19 was carried out. Methods: CSF parameters, including cytological and biochemical analyses, SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and other CSF markers, were recorded and analyzed among patients with acute COVID-19 and one of the following CNS syndromes: stroke, encephalopathy, encephalitis, inflammatory syndromes, seizure, headache and meningitis. Results: Increased white blood cells and/or increased protein concentration were found in 52.7% of the patients with encephalitis, 29.4% of the patients with encephalopathy and 46.7% of the patients with inflammatory syndromes (P < 0.05). CSF RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was positive in 17.35% of the patients with encephalitis and less than 3.5% of the patients with encephalopathy or inflammatory syndromes (P < 0.05). Intrathecal production of immunoglobulins was found in only 8% of the cases. More than 85% of the patients had increased CSF cytokines and chemokines. Increased CSF neurofilament light chain (NfL) and CSF Tau were found in 71% and 36% of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: Non-specific inflammatory CSF abnormalities were frequently found in patients with COVID-19 CNS syndromes. The increase in neurodegeneration biomarkers suggests that neuronal damage occurs, with long-term consequences that are still unknown.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review

Domingues¹,

Brunale²,

Senne³

2022

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…Patient autopsies have revealed neuronal loss[ 75 ], often associated with an immune response against the virus in the CSF. Few reports showed that patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in their CSF but did not have any significant risk factors or a history of neurological diseases manifested neurological symptoms, such as seizures and loss of consciousness[ 76 ].…”

Section: Neuroinvasion By Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 consequences for mental health: Neuroinflammatory pathways linking COVID-19 to anxiety and depression

Mello¹,

Moretti²,

Rodrigues³

2022

WJP

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“…Several disorders, such as hematologic diseases, cardiovascular abnormalities, and infection increase the risk of IS (Woldu 2020 ; Ferro and Infante 2021 ; Virani et al 2021 ). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) results from SARS-CoV-2 is an inflammatory disorder (Leisman et al 2020 ; Gorji and Khaleghi Ghadiri 2021 ), which can affect the central nervous system (CNS) (Soltani Zangbar et al 2021 ; Rezaeitalab et al 2021 ). COVID-19 predisposes some patients to a wide range of neurological complications, including stroke (Ntaios et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-Induced Stroke and the Potential of Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Neuroinflammation

et al. 2022

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Ischemic stroke (IS) is a known neurological complication of COVID-19 infection, which is associated with high mortality and disability. Following IS, secondary neuroinflammation that occurs can play both harmful and beneficial roles and lead to further injury or repair of damaged neuronal tissue, respectively. Since inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-induced stroke, targeting neuroinflammation could be an effective strategy for modulating the immune responses following ischemic events. Numerous investigations have indicated that the application of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) improves functional recovery following stroke, mainly through reducing neuroinflammation as well as promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Therefore, MSC-EVs can be applied for the regulation of SARS-CoV-2-mediated inflammation and the management of COVID-19- related ischemic events. In this study, we have first described the advantages and disadvantages of neuroinflammation in the pathological evolution after IS and summarized the characteristics of neuroinflammation in COVID-19-related stroke. Then, we have discussed the potential benefit of MSC-EVs in the regulation of inflammatory responses after COVID-19-induced ischemic events.

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Detection of SARS-coronavirus-2 in the central nervous system of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome and seizures

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review

SARS-CoV-2 consequences for mental health: Neuroinflammatory pathways linking COVID-19 to anxiety and depression

COVID-19-Induced Stroke and the Potential of Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Neuroinflammation

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