Detection of reflected Cherenkov light from extensive air showers in the SPHERE experiment as a method of studying superhigh energy cosmic rays

Antonov, R. A.; Aulova, T. V.; Bonvech, E. A.; Галкин, В. И.; Dzhatdoev, T.; Подгрудков, Д.; Роганова, Т. М.; Чернов, Д. В.

doi:10.1134/s1063779615010025

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The primary all-nuclei energy spectrum is shown on the Figure 8; its systematic uncertainties were discussed in [3]. Here we only note that these latter systematical uncertainty was found to be modest and comparable with the case of ground-based expariments such as KASCADE-Grande.…”

Section: Shower Parameters Estimationmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Cosmic ray study by means of reflected EAS Cherenkov light method with the SPHERE-2 detector

Чернов¹,

Подгрудков²,

Antonov³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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The approach to cosmic ray (CR) study with reflected optical Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation (Cherenkov light) was proposed long ago. At present the SPHERE-2 detector is the only existing apparatus that have detected a significant sample of extensive air showers (EAS) by means of this method. At the same time the recorded data allows detailed reconstruction of EAS lateral distribution function (LDF) used to study primary CR mass composition. We report on the status and results of the SPHERE experiment with the emphasis on the peculiarities of the reflected Cherenkov light technique. Detector response simulation was performed by means of full direct Monte Carlo simulation with account of realistic background and noise patterns recorded during the observational runs. Instrumental acceptance was simulated for various energies, charge numbers and zenith angles of primary nuclei. Primary energy of observed showers was estimated with a typical statistical uncertainty 10-20% depending on the primary nucleus parameters. The typical systematic uncertainty of the estimated energy vs the primary charge number was found to be below 3%. The primary all-nuclei spectrum was reconstructed. The fraction of light nuclei vs energy in the energy range 10-100 PeV was estimated by means of an event-by-event approach using the LDF steepness parameter.

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Section: Shower Parameters Estimationmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Chudakov [2]. The SPHERE experiment with the SPHERE-2 detector [3] is the ultimate realisation of this idea. In the present paper we discuss the status and results of the SPHERE experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic ray study by means of reflected EAS Cherenkov light method with the SPHERE-2 detector

Чернов¹,

Подгрудков²,

Antonov³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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“…Previous SPHERE project implementations detectors with photomultiplier tubes used as sensitive elements were lifted by a balloon to an altitude of 400-900 m [3]. The new detector is designed with silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) as sensitive elements to be lifted on a drone (unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV).…”

Section: The Sphere-3 Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reflected EAS CL technique was adopted and improved by R.A. Antonov who proposed the use of Schmidt optical scheme with a PMT-based camera. Later this approach transformed into the SPHERE project (see overview in [3]). SPHERE-1 detector performed measurements in 1997-2000 and SPHERE-2 detector performed measurements in 2011-2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A drone-borne installation for studying the composition of cosmic rays in the range of 1-1000 PeV by registering the reflected Cherenkov light of EAS

Vaiman¹,

Чернов²,

Подгрудков³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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Current technical design of the SPHERE project's new detector is presented. The SPHERE project is aimed at primary cosmic ray studies in the 1-1000 PeV energy range using reflected Cherenkov light. The concept of a drone-mounted detector with a photosensitive camera based on silicon photomultipliers is discussed. The combination of the reflected CL registration method with specific data analysis approaches is a unique feature of this project. The developed earlier event-by-event data analysis approach allows to carry out primary particle mass reconstruction and primary cosmic ray mass composition studies with high accuracy. This is achieved through careful analysis of each EAS Cherenkov light lateral distribution function without building any kind of intermediate distributions of any 'typical' characteristics.

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“…The main flights were performed in 2011-2013 at Baikal Lake. The analysis of the results is still going but the main result of the measurements is the sharp (down to ∼20%) decline of the background light component intensity at 5 · 10 16 − 10 17 eV [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detector for the ultrahigh energy cosmic rays composition study in Antarctica

Чернов

Antonov

Bonvech

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. The main purpose of the Sphere-Antarctica project is connected to the fundamental problems of the cosmic ray physics and general astrophysics -the determination of the energy and mass composition of cosmic ray particles of ultra high and extremely high energies 10 18 − 10 20 eV. In the energy region above 6 · 10 19 eV modern experiments (Telescope Array and Pierre Auger Observatory) observed anisotropy and the clustering of arrival directions of cosmic rays in some areas. The scientific importance of this problem stems from the lack of generally accepted acceleration mechanism of the CR particles above 3 · 10 18 eV, the unknown nature of the sources of such particles, the inconsistencies of the results of major experiments in the part of the mass of CR composition and the discrepancy of experimental and model data. Scientific novelty of this project is in the methodology registration of the extensive air showers over a large area ∼ 600 km 2 from an altitude 30 km, that allows to measure the two optical components of the shower Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation and fluorescence light by the same SiPM sensitive elements of the detector simultaneously.

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Detection of reflected Cherenkov light from extensive air showers in the SPHERE experiment as a method of studying superhigh energy cosmic rays

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Cosmic ray study by means of reflected EAS Cherenkov light method with the SPHERE-2 detector

Cosmic ray study by means of reflected EAS Cherenkov light method with the SPHERE-2 detector

A drone-borne installation for studying the composition of cosmic rays in the range of 1-1000 PeV by registering the reflected Cherenkov light of EAS

Detector for the ultrahigh energy cosmic rays composition study in Antarctica

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