Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells using In Situ Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Zhang, Yunzhu; Parrondo, Javier; Sankarasubramanian, Shrihari; Ramani, Vijay

doi:10.1002/cssc.201700760

Cited by 54 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…A, Zn‐TCPP nMOF generated abundant 1 O 2 under 5 min irradiation of a 650 nm laser (0.6 W/cm 2 ) and also exhibited concentration‐depended production of 1 O 2 (Supporting Information Fig. 2), which caused continuously decreased fluorescence intensity of DPBF at 480 nm . As expected, negligible intensity variation has been detected in the control group.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Nanoscaled porphyrinic metal–organic framework for photodynamic/photothermal therapy of tumor

Wang

Jiang

2019

Electrophoresis

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Nanoagents achieving photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) combination treatment with improved therapeutic effect are highly desirable. However, the incorporation of both PDT and PTT into a single nanoagent often requires multistep fabrication process. Herein, we report that photoactive porphyrin ligands have been successfully introduced into Zn‐TCPP structure to construct the nanoagents that possesses photodynamic performance and photothermal performance simultaneously. Such a nanoagent enables the generation of single oxygen and heat under laser irradiation. Additionally, it exhibits satisfactory biocompatibility and high light toxicity against cancer cells. The current work provides a feasible approach to introduce both PDT and PTT into a single nanoplatform.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Nanoscaled porphyrinic metal–organic framework for photodynamic/photothermal therapy of tumor

Wang

Jiang

2019

Electrophoresis

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“…Such loss of VBTMA-OH was associated to the formation and subsequent attack of superoxide radical (SOR) due to the high concentrations of oxygen during normal fuel cell operating conditions. [19,20] Chang et al [21,22] also reported similar oxidative degradation mechanism observed with polybenzimidazole-based membranes for fuel cells. Consequently, the use of radical inhibitors such as p-ethyl phenol [23] and radical scavengers [24] has been proposed to minimise or control oxidative degradation of polymerbased AEMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Density functional theory study on the degradation of fuel cell anion exchange membranes via removal of vinylbenzyl quaternary ammonium head group

Espiritu

Tan

Lim

et al. 2020

J of Physical Organic Chem

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The alkaline stability of different tethered amine functional groups of fuel cell anion exchange membranes (AEMs), namely, trimethyl amine (TMA), 1‐azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (ABCO), 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), and N‐methylpiperidine (NMP), is investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Among the amine functional groups investigated, ABCO emerged as the most stable exhibiting the highest energy of barrier (EOB) of 33.5 kcal/mol, while DABCO has the lowest EOB of 30.0 kcal/mol due to the presence of an additional electron‐withdrawing nitrogen. The calculated lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy revealed the trend of increasing alkaline stability against nucleophilic attack, consistent with their measured barrier energies: DABCO < TMA < NMP < ABCO. Most importantly, the DFT calculations confirmed the proposed multistep AEM degradation mechanism via the detachment of the whole vinylbenzyl quaternary ammonium group through the following steps: (1) nucleophilic attack leading to the loss of aromaticity with subsequent transformation to a quinodimethane moiety, (2) detachment of the quinodimethane‐like intermediate from the polymer backbone by the attack of superoxide and/or peroxy radicals via oxidative cleavage, and (3) the rearomatisation of the reaction intermediate.

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“…The polyaromatic nature of the SPEEK backbone will make it resistant to oxidation by ROS. The ROS expected in the catholyte will be superoxide as this species is favored under alkaline conditions [ 54 , 55 ]. Strong oxidizing agents like hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals, formed from the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (parasitic product from oxygen reduction), are favored under acidic conditions [ 56 , 57 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial desalination cell with sulfonated sodium poly(ether ether ketone) as cation exchange membranes for enhancing power generation and salt reduction

Moruno

Rubio

Atanassov

et al. 2018

Bioelectrochemistry

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Microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a bioelectrochemical system capable of oxidizing organics, generating electricity, while reducing the salinity content of brine streams. As it is designed, anion and cation exchange membranes play an important role on the selective removal of ions from the desalination chamber. In this work, sulfonated sodium (Na) poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) cation exchange membranes (CEM) were tested in combination with quaternary ammonium chloride poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,4-phenylene oxide) (QAPPO) anion exchange membrane (AEM). Non-patterned and patterned (varying topographical features) CEMs were investigated and assessed in this work. The results were contrasted against a commercially available CEM. This work used real seawater from the Pacific Ocean in the desalination chamber. The results displayed a high desalination rate and power generation for all the membranes, with a maximum of 78.6±2.0% in salinity reduction and 235±7mWm in power generation for the MDCs with the SPEEK CEM. Desalination rate and power generation achieved are higher with synthesized SPEEK membranes when compared with an available commercial CEM. An optimized combination of these types of membranes substantially improves the performances of MDC, making the system more suitable for real applications.

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Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells using In Situ Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Cited by 54 publications

References 40 publications

Nanoscaled porphyrinic metal–organic framework for photodynamic/photothermal therapy of tumor

Nanoscaled porphyrinic metal–organic framework for photodynamic/photothermal therapy of tumor

Density functional theory study on the degradation of fuel cell anion exchange membranes via removal of vinylbenzyl quaternary ammonium head group

Microbial desalination cell with sulfonated sodium poly(ether ether ketone) as cation exchange membranes for enhancing power generation and salt reduction

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