Detection of pregnancy by radioimmunoassay of a novel pregnancy- specific protein in serum of cows and a profile of serum concentrations during gestation

Sasser, R.G.; Ruder, C. A.; Ivani, K.; Butler, James E.; Hamilton, Wade

doi:10.1095/biolreprod35.4.936

Cited by 283 publications

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“…Pregnancy-specific protein B assays are the definitive standard for nonlethal pregnancy assessment in elk (Sasser et al 1986, Noyes et al 1997. Pregnancy rates in these independent studies were not significantly related to numbers of wolves or elk-wolf ratios (Hamlin et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age was estimated using cementum analysis of an extracted vestigial canine tooth (Hamlin et al 2000), and pregnancy was determined from a serum sample using the pregnancy-specific protein B assay (BioTracking, Moscow, Idaho, USA; Sasser et al 1986, Noyes et al 1997). In addition, we evaluated nutritional condition for 77 elk of our sample (Cook et al 2004b) during 2000-2002 via a rump body condition score developed for elk and maximum subcutaneous rump fat thickness (Cook et al 2001a, b) measured using a Sonovet ultrasonagraph with a 5.0-MHz, 7.0-cm probe (Universal Medical Systems, Bedford Hills, New York, USA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body condition and pregnancy in northern Yellowstone elk: Evidence for predation risk effects?

White

Garrott

Hamlin

et al. 2011

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. S. Creel et al. reported a negative correlation between fecal progesterone concentrations and elk : wolf ratios in greater Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus) herds and interpreted this correlation as evidence that pregnancy rates of elk decreased substantially in the presence of wolves (Canis lupus). Apparently, the hypothesized mechanism is that decreased forage intake reduces body condition and either results in elk failing to conceive during the autumn rut or elk losing the fetus during winter. We tested this hypothesis by comparing age-specific body condition (percentage ingesta-free body fat) and pregnancy rates for northern Yellowstone elk, one of the herds sampled by Creel et al., before (1962Creel et al., before ( -1968 and after (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) wolf restoration using indices developed and calibrated for Rocky Mountain elk. Mean age-adjusted percentage body fat of female elk was similarly high in both periods (9.0% 6 0.9% pre-wolf; 8.9% 6 0.8% post-wolf). Estimated pregnancy rates (proportion of females that were pregnant) were 0.91 pre-wolf and 0.87 post-wolf for 4-9 year-old elk (95% CI on difference ¼ À0.15 to 0.03, P ¼ 0.46) and 0.64 pre-wolf and 0.78 post-wolf for elk .9 years old (95% CI on difference ¼ À0.01 to 0.27, P ¼ 0.06). Thus, there was little evidence in these data to support strong effects of wolf presence on elk pregnancy. We caution that multiple lines of evidence and/or strong validation should be brought to bear before relying on indirect measures of how predators affect pregnancy rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body condition and pregnancy in northern Yellowstone elk: Evidence for predation risk effects?

White

Garrott

Hamlin

et al. 2011

Ecological Applications

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“…The presence of PSP60 in the maternal circulation throughout pregnancy (Camous et al, 1991) is the consequence of the migration of secretory binucleate cells from the trophoblast into the endometrium (Wooding and Wathes, 1980) as with bPL (Wooding and Beckers, 1987), PSPB (Eckblad et al, 1985;Reimers et al, 1985) and bPAG (Zoli et al, 1992a fig 3). The distribution of Al results over the different fertility groups defined for these females is reported in (Sasser et al, 1986) and bPAG profiles (Zoli et al, 1992b) Wooding (1983) and in cattle by Gross et al (1985). The …”

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confidence: 99%

Peripheral concentrations of a 60-kDa pregnancy serum protein during gestation and after calving and in relationship to embryonic mortality in cattle

Mialon

Camous²,

Renand³

et al. 1993

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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Summary ― In order to have a specific marker for studying pregnancy in cattle we examined the characteristics of a pregnancy serum protein produced by the placenta (PSP60). Its profile in peripheral blood was determined by radioimmunoassay in pregnant cows of 3 breeds after artificial insemination (Al): Charolais (n = 24), Normande (n = 24) and Holstein (n = 26). From 27 d post-Al to the end of pregnancy the plasma PSP60 concentration increased, especially during the last 2 wk, to reach a peak a few d before calving, which was higher (P < 0.001 ) in the Charolais (1 238 ± 422 ng/ ml) than in the other breeds (528 ± 458 and 444 ± 204 ng/ml

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“…Despite the unknown function and control of PSPB secretion, many potential biological functions have been suggested based on in vivo and in vitro effects, including prostaglandin release by the endometrium, implantation, immunotolerance of the conceptus as a tissue alograft and uterine remodelling after parturition, among others (Del Vecchio et al 1990, Kiracofe et al 1993, Austin et al 1999, Tefera et al 2001. Both PAG-1 and PSPB diagnostic assays have been developed for early plasma diagnosis of pregnancy in cattle and other ruminants (Sasser et al 1986, Zoli et al 1991, Green et al 2000.The amounts of BC products in maternal circulation appear to be associated with placental mass, foetal number and neonatal birth weight, and have been postulated to be an index for conceptus viability and pregnancy normalcy in cattle (Byatt et al 1992a, Patel et al 1995, Vasquez et al 1995, Szenci et al 1998, Tefera et al 2001, Ravelich et al 2004. Associations between abnormal placental and foetal development after in vitro embryo manipulations have been suggested to play a key role in the occurrence of high birth weights.…”

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confidence: 99%

Expression profile and protein levels of placental products as indirect measures of placental function in in vitro-derived bovine pregnancies

Bertolini¹,

Wallace²,

Anderson³

2006

Reproduction

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Bovine conceptus development and its association with placental proteins present in maternal, foetal and neonatal plasma and foetal (amniotic and allantoic) fluids were investigated in in vivo-and in vitro-produced (IVP) concepti and newborn calves. Females were superovulated to obtain control embryos, whereas IVP embryos were derived from established in vitro procedures. Pregnant animals were slaughtered on days 90 or 180 of gestation or allowed to develop to term for the assessment of physical traits. Foetal, maternal and neonatal blood and foetal fluids were collected for the determination of bovine placental lactogen (bPL) and bovine pregnancy-specific protein B (bPSPB) concentrations. Placental transcripts for bPL and bPSPB, determined by quantitative RT-PCR, were elevated in IVP placentomes. No major physical differences were observed between groups on day 90, but concentrations of bPL and bPSPB were higher in foetal plasma and allantoic fluid of IVP concepti in day 180 pregnancies, which were correlated with larger uterine and conceptus traits. Maternal concentrations of bPL in IVP pregnancies were lower than controls during the last 8 weeks of gestation, to become similar as parturition approached. Newborn IVP calves and foetal membranes were larger and displayed higher concentrations of plasma bPL than controls (10 and 60 min after birth). Our results indicated that differential patterns of secretion of bPL and bPSPB into the maternal and foetal systems occurred at distinct stages of gestation, and these were associated with altered conceptus development after in vitro embryo manipulations, indirectly demonstrating deviations in placental function in IVP pregnancies. Reproduction (2006) 131 163-173 IntroductionWith the onset of the trophoblast apposition to the endometrium during the process of bovine placenta formation and development, large granulated cells, the trophoblast binucleate cells (BCs), migrate from the trophectoderm to fuse with uterine epithelial cells (Wooding 1992), forming short-lived trinucleate cells. This phenomenon occurs throughout pregnancy in cattle, but the number and period of existence of trinucleate cells decline towards the end of gestation (Wooding 1992, Green et al. 2000. Binucleate cells comprise about 20% of the trophoblast cells and are responsible for hormones and bioactive products important for the regulation of foetal growth and development (Anthony et al. 1995, Green et al. 2000, Schlafer et al. 2000. The contents of the membranebounded secretory granules of BCs are released by exocytosis towards the maternal capillary bed, reaching the maternal blood system (Wooding 1992). Many proteins are produced by the BCs, including placental lactogen (PL) and a range of glycoproteins (Wooding 1992), such as pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB) (Butler et al. 1982).PL lactogen is a member of the growth hormone (GH)/prolactin (PRL) gene family synthesized and stored in secretory granules of the trophoblast BCs (Byatt et al. 1992a, Wooding 1992, Gootwine 2004. Although ...

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Detection of pregnancy by radioimmunoassay of a novel pregnancy- specific protein in serum of cows and a profile of serum concentrations during gestation

Cited by 283 publications

References 0 publications

Body condition and pregnancy in northern Yellowstone elk: Evidence for predation risk effects?

Body condition and pregnancy in northern Yellowstone elk: Evidence for predation risk effects?

Peripheral concentrations of a 60-kDa pregnancy serum protein during gestation and after calving and in relationship to embryonic mortality in cattle

Expression profile and protein levels of placental products as indirect measures of placental function in in vitro-derived bovine pregnancies

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