Detection of point mutations by capillary electrophoresis with temporal temperature gradients

Star-shaped polymers for DNA sequencing by capillary electrophoresis

“…Polymer-modified CE has become an attractive alternative to slab gel electrophoresis for DNA analysis because it possesses numerous advantages, including better separation performance and better efficiency in terms of time and labor. This technology has been successfully applied to the detection of mutations, genotyping, DNA sequencing, and gene expression [1][2][3][4][5]. In this type of CE, the separation performance is primarily affected by the separation medium, which influences both DNA fragment migration and electroosmotic flow (EOF).…”

Cycling gradient capillary electrophoresis: A low‐cost tool for high‐throughput analysis of genetic variations

“…In CDCE, the separation was carried out at an accurately maintained constant temperature at which the homo-and heteroduplex forms of wild-type and mutant sequences exhibited the best separation. In 1999, an alternative approach was demonstrated overcoming the requirement of a very accurate temperature control by applying a simple temporal temperature gradient [22]. A similar approach was later applied on a home-built capillary array instrument and recently also shown of commercial capillary array instruments [23,24].…”

Mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism detection using temperature gradient capillary electrophoresis

“…To create a spatial temperature gradient, the temperature is varied at different locations along the capillary but is not varied with time [10]. In contrast, temporal temperature gradients utilize a uniform temperature across the length of the capillary but vary the temperature over time [11,12]. The remainder of this review is devoted to a discussion of temporal temperature gradients; thus, from here, TGCE will refer specifically to temporal TGCE.…”

“…In TGCE applications, a tightly controlled temperature gradient is applied to the capillary during electrophoresis. Various methods have been used to apply temperature gradients to capillaries including the use of a voltage ramp [8], an external heating plate [12], Peltier-based control of surrounding liquid [11] and heated air [13]. Each of these approaches has it's own advantages and disadvantages, however, the most important factor is not the method of temperature control itself but the precision and accuracy with which the temperature gradient can be applied to the capillary(s).…”

“…Other CE instruments have been modified by users in order to apply homebuilt temperature gradients [11,12]. The MegaBACE ® instruments (Amersham) are available in 48, 96 and 384 capillary array models.…”