Detection of plasmid mediated colistin resistance (MCR-1) in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from poultry and swine in Spain

Quesada, Alberto; Ugarte‐Ruiz, María; Iglesias, M. Rocío; Porrero, M. Concepción; Martínez, R.; Florez‐Cuadrado, Diego; Campos, Maria Jorge; García, María Teresa Antonio; Píriz, Segundo; Sáez, José Luis; Domı́nguez, Lucas

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.02.003

Cited by 99 publications

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“…23 The mcr-1 gene has been detected in isolates recovered from animals in China, Japan, Vietnam, Malaysia, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Tunisia and Algeria. 23,24 Isolates harbouring the mcr-1 gene have been found in food products (mostly meat) in the Netherlands, Portugal, Denmark, France, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, China and Taiwan. 23,25 In addition, clinical isolates that contain the mcr-1 gene have been reported in Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK, Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, Italy, South Africa, Egypt, Argentina and the United States.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and K. pneumoniae. 9,12,23,24 Mulvey and colleagues 32 have previously reported on the presence of the mcr-1 gene among E. coli in Canada. They screened about 1600 isolates from Canadian sources and identified 3 E. coli isolates that were mcr-1-positive: 1 was recovered from a clinical specimen in 2011, and 2 were recovered from lean ground beef in 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of MCR-1-mediated colistin resistance among Escherichia coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals (CANWARD 2008-2015)

et al. 2016

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Background: Colistin is often used as an antimicrobial of last resort for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. In 2015, plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in Escherichia coli due to MCR-1 was described. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of colistin resistance among E. coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals as part of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD) and to determine how often the mcr-1 gene is detected among the colistin-resistant subset. Methods:From January 2008 to December 2015 (excluding 2011), 10 to 15 sentinel hospitals submitted consecutive clinical isolates (1 per patient per infection site) from blood (100-240), respiratory (100-150), urine (25-100) and wound (25-100) infections. We performed susceptibility testing using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods. Isolates that showed resistance to colistin as defined by European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing breakpoints (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥ 4 µg/mL) were evaluated for the mcr-1 gene by polymerase chain reaction. Results:In total, 5571 E. coli clinical isolates were obtained over the study years. Twelve isolates (0.2%) were resistant to colistin. The proportion of colistin-resistant isolates varied from 0.0% to 0.5% depending on the study year, and there was no clear trend toward increasing resistance over time. Typically the colistin-resistant isolates remained susceptible to antimicrobials from several other classes. Two colistin-resistant isolates (0.04%) were found to harbour the mcr-1 gene. Interpretation:The results suggest that colistin resistance among E. coli human clinical isolates, including resistance mediated by the mcr-1 gene, remains rare in Canada. AbstractResearch Research CMAJ OPEN E642CMAJ OPEN, 4(4)to MCR-1. MCR-1 (encoded for by the mcr-1 gene) is a member of the phosphoethanolamine transferase enzyme family. It confers resistance to colistin by the transfer of phosphoethanolamine to lipid A, thereby reducing the affinity of the target (by reducing the negative charge) for this polycationic antimicrobial. 7 E. coli isolates with the mcr-1 gene typically have colistin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range of 4 to 8 µg/mL. 7-11The location of the mcr-1 gene on a plasmid is concerning, as this raises the possibility that the resistance determinant may be transferred to multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, the mcr-1 gene has already been detected in multidrugresistant E. coli isolates that also contain an extended-spectrum β-lactamase or a carbapenemase enzyme.12-15 Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance attributed to a second mcr gene (mcr-2) has also recently been described. 16 Many clinical microbiology laboratories do not test colistin routinely against E. coli, so the frequency with which resistance occurs in Canada is difficult to estimate from local data. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of colistin res...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of MCR-1-mediated colistin resistance among Escherichia coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals (CANWARD 2008-2015)

et al. 2016

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“…Recently, Liu et al (2) found a plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene-mcr-1, which encodes a phosphoethanolamine transferase-in Escherichia coli from humans and animals (pigs and chickens) in China. The resistance gene was soon detected worldwide in several Enterobacteriaceae species, including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella sonnei, and several Salmonella serovars, either carried by various plasmids (3)(4)(5) or located in the chromosomes (6). However, few reports show the dissemination of mcr-1-carrying plasmids in zoonotic pathogens between humans and animals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dissemination of mcr-1 -Carrying Plasmids among Colistin-Resistant Salmonella Strains from Humans and Food-Producing Animals in Taiwan

Chiou

Chen

Wang

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Java, and 1 S. enterica serotype Virchow strain (8). The mcr-1 gene was subsequently reported to be recoverable from Salmonella strains isolated from food, animals, and clinical specimens in Europe, the United States, and China (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) and was found to be harbored mainly by IncX4 and IncI1 plasmids of various sizes (10,11). However, these data remain scattered and do not provide a comprehensive view on either the prevalence of the mcr-1 gene in Salmonella or the transmission kinetics of the different types of mobile elements that harbor such resistance determinants.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of mcr-1 -Positive Salmonella Strains Recovered from Clinical Specimens in China

Cui

Zhang

Gu³

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The recently discovered colistin resistance element, mcr-1, adds to the list of antimicrobial resistance genes that rapidly erode the antimicrobial efficacy of not only the commonly used antibiotics but also the last-line agents of carbapenems and colistin. This study investigated the prevalence of the mobile colistin resistance determinant mcr-1 in Salmonella strains recovered from clinical settings in China and the transmission potential of mcr-1-bearing mobile elements harbored by such isolates. The mcr-1 gene was recoverable in 1.4% of clinical isolates tested, with the majority of them belonging to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium. These isolates exhibited diverse pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles and high resistance to antibiotics other than colistin and particularly to cephalosporins. Plasmid analysis showed that mcr-1 was carried on a variety of plasmids with sizes ranging from ϳ30 to ϳ250 kb, among which there were conjugative plasmids of ϳ30 kb, ϳ60 kb, and ϳ250 kb and nonconjugative plasmids of ϳ140 kb, ϳ180 kb, and ϳ240 kb. Sequencing of representative mcr-1-carrying plasmids revealed that all conjugative plasmids belonged to the IncX4, IncI2, and IncHI2 types and were highly similar to the corresponding types of plasmids reported previously. Nonconjugative plasmids all belonged to the IncHI2 type, and the nontransferability of these plasmids was attributed to the loss of a region carrying partial or complete tra genes. Our data revealed that, similar to the situation in Escherichia coli, mcr-1 transmission in Salmonella was accelerated by various plasmids, suggesting that transmission of mcr-1-carrying plasmids between different species of Enterobacteriaceae may be a common event.

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Detection of plasmid mediated colistin resistance (MCR-1) in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from poultry and swine in Spain

Cited by 99 publications

References 9 publications

Frequency of MCR-1-mediated colistin resistance among Escherichia coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals (CANWARD 2008-2015)

Frequency of MCR-1-mediated colistin resistance among Escherichia coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals (CANWARD 2008-2015)

Dissemination of mcr-1 -Carrying Plasmids among Colistin-Resistant Salmonella Strains from Humans and Food-Producing Animals in Taiwan

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of mcr-1 -Positive Salmonella Strains Recovered from Clinical Specimens in China

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