Detection of pesticide residues on fruit surfaces using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Abstract

The detection of chlorpyrifos residue on the surface of apples by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was explored, establishing a new method for the fast detection of pesticide residues on fruit.

Detecting and Mapping Harmful Chemicals in Fruit and Vegetables Using Nanoparticle-Enhanced Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

“…S is commonly found in fruit and vegetables, so it is best to measure P and Cl to allow the chlorpyrifos concentration to be determined. The LIBS spectrum of P has spectral features at 213.62, 214.91, 253.56, and 255.33 nm 27,30 . The LIBS spectrum of Cl has a characteristic peak at 837.59 nm 30 .…”

“…Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been used to determine pesticide and heavy metal residues because samples can be analysed in situ (i.e., samples do not need to be taken to a laboratory), because it is fast, and because inline analyses can be performed 27–29 . Members of our research team have used LIBS to determine pesticide residues in fruit 30 . The results of that study indicated that LIBS can be used to determine harmful chemicals in fruit but with relatively high limits of detection (LoDs) inappropriate for quantitatively determining trace chemicals.…”

In-Field, In Situ, and In Vivo 3-Dimensional Elemental Mapping for Plant Tissue and Soil Analysis Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

“…More importantly, these methods are difficult to use for mapping in-field and in vivo due to their complex structure. Most pesticides contain specific elements (e.g., P and S), which thus provides an opportunity for mapping the elements’ concentrations in plant tissues using LipsImag [30,42]. In this study, we used chlorpyrifos, which is a common pesticide in China, as an example and attempted to collect 3-dimentional images of its distribution in plant leaves.…”

“…Another issue that must be considered is the detection limit of the LIBS method, which can reach ppm levels for solid analyses under conventional conditions [28]. Using a vacuum environment, buffered gases and a multi-pulse laser can enhance the LIBS detection sensitivity but lead to difficulties with in-field and in vivo measurements [27,28,30]. During the LIBS measurement process, the plasma spectrum contains spectral characteristics of atom, iron, and molecule fragments, but we only used the atomic spectral line in this study.…”

“…Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a fast-developing spectroscopy method that analyzes elemental compositions and concentrations through inducing the measured objects into plasma using a high-energy laser, and then collects the emission spectra [27,28]. LIBS has been used to qualitatively and quantitatively measure solids, liquids, and gases based on atomic, ionic, and molecular spectral characteristics [28,29,30,31]. LIBS has also been used for fast mapping and imaging elemental distributions on solid surfaces [27,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39].…”