Detection of peste des petits ruminants and concurrent secondary diseases in sheep and goats in Ngorongoro district, Tanzania

Kgotlele, Tebogo; Chota, Andrew; Chubwa, Choby C.; Nyasebwa, Obed M.; Lyimo, Beatus; Torsson, Emeli; Karimuribo, Esron D.; Kasanga, Christopher J.; Wensman, Jonas Johansson; Misinzo, Gerald; Shirima, Gabriel; Kusiluka, L.J.M.

doi:10.1007/s00580-018-2848-5

Cited by 19 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…PPRV and BTV co-infection has previously been reported in India [57,58]. In 2016, one year after this study, Kgotlele et al [59] investigated an outbreak of respiratory disease in Loliondo and using a multiplex assay found co-infections of PPRV with Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (causative agent of CCPP), capripoxvirus and Pastuerella multocida.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Characterisation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Disease in Pastoralist Flocks in Ngorongoro District of Northern Tanzania and Bluetongue Virus Co-Infection

Jones

Mahapatra

Chubwa

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) disease was first confirmed in Tanzania in 2008 in sheep and goats in Ngorongoro District, northern Tanzania, and is now endemic in this area. This study aimed to characterise PPR disease in pastoralist small ruminant flocks in Ngorongoro District. During June 2015, 33 PPR-like disease reports were investigated in different parts of the district, using semi-structured interviews, clinical examinations, PPR virus rapid detection test (PPRV-RDT), and laboratory analysis. Ten flocks were confirmed as PPRV infected by PPRV-RDT and/or real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and two flocks were co-infected with bluetongue virus (BTV), confirmed by RT-qPCR. Phylogenetic analysis of six partial N gene sequences showed that the PPR viruses clustered with recent lineage III Tanzanian viruses, and grouped with Ugandan, Kenyan and Democratic Republic of Congo isolates. No PPR-like disease was reported in wildlife. There was considerable variation in clinical syndromes between flocks: some showed a full range of PPR signs, while others were predominantly respiratory, diarrhoea, or oro-nasal syndromes, which were associated with different local disease names (olodua—a term for rinderpest, olkipiei—lung disease, oloirobi—fever, enkorotik—diarrhoea). BTV co-infection was associated with severe oro-nasal lesions. This clinical variability makes the field diagnosis of PPR challenging, highlighting the importance of access to pen-side antigen tests and multiplex assays to support improved surveillance and targeting of control activities for PPR eradication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Characterisation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Disease in Pastoralist Flocks in Ngorongoro District of Northern Tanzania and Bluetongue Virus Co-Infection

Jones

Mahapatra

Chubwa

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…Mapafu ya kikohozi ya mbuzi could be contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, a respiratory disease known to commonly infect goats in Tanzania. However, this disease has apparently never been reported in humans (Iqbal Yatoo et al, 2019), and there are other plausible goat respiratory disease candidates (see Kgotlele et al, 2019). In the absence of more information, there is no way to judge whether ndororo and mapafu ya kikohozi ya mbuzi are novel or even biomedically real.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using local knowledge in emerging infectious disease research

Gaddy

2020

Social Science & Medicine

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Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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“…In southern Africa, PPR has spread into new areas in recent years (Figure 1A). Tanzania was first infected probably from imported animals from Kenya in 2008 and represents an important potential source of PPR viruses for the rest of the region (10). PPR is now considered endemic in Tanzania in small ruminants with PPR lineages II, III, and IV circulating (11).…”

Section: Situation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress to Control and Eradication of Peste des Petits Ruminants in the Southern African Development Community Region

Britton¹,

Caron

Bedane³

2019

Front. Vet. Sci.

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In southern Africa, small ruminants are an important source of nutrition and income to resource-poor small holder farmers. After spreading from West to Central and Eastern Africa, peste des petits ruminants (PPR) emerged in the United Republic of Tanzania in 2008 and has since been reported in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Comoros. The disease can cause considerable morbidity and mortality in naïve sheep and goat populations and severely impact rural livelihoods, particularly those of women. Gaps in the knowledge of PPR epidemiology still exist, particularly around the role of small-ruminant movement and the role of the abundant wildlife in southern Africa. The capacity of veterinary services to undertake surveillance and control PPR is heterogeneous within the region, with vaccination being limited. The Pan African strategy for the control and eradication of PPR mirrors the Global Strategy and provides the framework for the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region to meet the 2030 goal of eradication. Five countries and one zone within Namibia are officially PPR free according to OIE Standards. Most countries have developed national strategies for the control and eradication of PPR. To strengthen national and regional PPR eradication programme goals, there is a need for a regional risk-based surveillance adapted to infected, high-risk and lower-risk countries that will enable targeted and efficient control, rapid response to incursions and prevention of spread as well as improved preparedness. Continued international and national support will be necessary including laboratory diagnostics and enhancing surveillance capacity to prevent further spread southwards on the continent.

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Detection of peste des petits ruminants and concurrent secondary diseases in sheep and goats in Ngorongoro district, Tanzania

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Characterisation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Disease in Pastoralist Flocks in Ngorongoro District of Northern Tanzania and Bluetongue Virus Co-Infection

Characterisation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Disease in Pastoralist Flocks in Ngorongoro District of Northern Tanzania and Bluetongue Virus Co-Infection

Using local knowledge in emerging infectious disease research

Progress to Control and Eradication of Peste des Petits Ruminants in the Southern African Development Community Region

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