Detection of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) Genome from Nasal Swabs of Dogs

Ratta, Barkha; Pokhriyal, Mayank; Singh, Shanker K.; Kumar, Ajay; Saxena, M.; Sharma, Bhaskar

doi:10.1007/s00284-016-1030-z

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Infection of wild sheep/goats [28][29][30] and other wild and domestic ruminants (cattle, buffalo, gazelle and wildebeest) have been reported [31][32][33][34], as well as camels [35] and recently even dogs [36]. If confirmed and shown to be relevant from a transmission perspective, such observations would be very important due to the continued existence of transhumance and pastoralism amongst sheep and goat herders.…”

Section: Pprv Virology and Epidemiology: Improving Our Fundamental Unmentioning

confidence: 96%

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Baron

Diop

Njeumi

et al. 2017

Journal of General Virology

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Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a significant pathogen of small ruminants and is prevalent in much of Africa, the Near and Middle East and Asia. Despite the availability of an efficacious and cheap live-attenuated vaccine, the virus has continued to spread, with its range stretching from Morocco in the west to China and Mongolia in the east. Some of the world's poorest communities rely on small ruminant farming for subsistence and the continued endemicity of PPRV is a constant threat to their livelihoods. Moreover, PPRV's effects on the world's population are felt broadly across many economic, agricultural and social situations. This far-reaching impact has prompted the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) to develop a global strategy for the eradication of this virus and its disease. PPRV is a morbillivirus and, given the experience of these organizations in eradicating the related rinderpest virus, the eradication of PPRV should be feasible. However, there are many critical areas where basic and applied virological research concerning PPRV is lacking. The purpose of this review is to highlight areas where new research could be performed in order to guide and facilitate the eradication programme. These areas include studies on disease transmission and epidemiology, the existence of wildlife reservoirs and the development of next-generation vaccines and diagnostics. With the support of the international virology community, the successful eradication of PPRV can be achieved.

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Section: Pprv Virology and Epidemiology: Improving Our Fundamental Unmentioning

confidence: 96%

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Baron

Diop

Njeumi

et al. 2017

Journal of General Virology

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“…It is possible that the few serological reactors in this study could have been caused by an immune response of the goats to another morbillivirus, such as distemper or measles and close proximity to infected dogs or humans, respectively, causing an antibody response with the absence of clinical disease or classical disease response. There is strong evidence demonstrating that cross species infection and immune responses of the morbilliviruses occurs (Beineke, Baumgärtner, & Wohlsein, ; Cosby & Weir, ; Ratta et al., ; Sakai et al., ; Sheshberadaran, Norrby, McCullough, Carpenter, & Orvell, ). Specifically, measles is still prevalent in parts of Laos (World Health Organisation, ) and canine distemper virus is anecdotally causing active infection in Laos and is present in neighbouring Thailand (Techangamsuwan et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, PPRV is not stable in the environment and requires direct transmission in fluids for infectious spread (OIE, 2016;Parida et al, 2015). The extent of clinical signs, morbidity and mortality can depend on the viral strain, the environment and the immune status of the animal (Parida et al, 2015;Ratta et al, 2016;Santhamani, Singh, & Njeumi, 2016). The virus has a high morbidity and mortality, reaching to 100% and over 90% in naïve herds, respectively (Parida et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peste des Petits Ruminants ( PPR ) virus serological surveillance in goats in Lao PDR : Issues for disease eradication in a low‐resource disease‐free setting

Burns

Douangngeun

Theppangna

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important transboundary viral disease of goats. This study aimed to determine a baseline of serological evidence for Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in Lao goats. A total of 1,072 serum samples were collected by convenience sampling across five provinces in Laos and tested for antibody response to PPRV using a commercially available competitive ELISA. Positive antibody responses were found in 2.2% (95% CI 1.4, 3.2) of the samples. True prevalence calculations indicated a total overall sample prevalence of 1.7% (95% CI 0.9, 2.8). The highest provincial seroprevalences were Xiangkhouang (3.5%, 95% CI 1.6, 6.9) and Xayaboury (2.9% (95% CI 1.3, 5.7). There was no association between antibody response and each of the following factors: location, breed, gender or age. Considering the apparent absence of disease manifestation of PPR in Laos, likely explanations for the antibody positivity could include cross reaction to other Morbilliviruses such as Measles or Canine Distemper, importation of pre‐vaccinated goats, need for test cut‐off re‐evaluation to be region specific, or a subclinical and a less virulent circulating virus. This study highlights that the sampled Lao goat population is highly likely to be naïve to PPRV and therefore at risk of an outbreak, possibly by transboundary incursion of livestock from PPR endemic China. Further work is required in the testing of small ruminants in Laos that may eventually provide evidence for a status of freedom from disease, particularly in support of programs aimed at global PPR eradication.

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“…The epidemiology of PPR does not end at domestic animals; rather it also involves wild animals (Aziz Ul et al, 2016;Ratta et al, 2016). Severe clinical disease with high mortality due to PPRV infection has been recorded in Dorcas Gazelles (Gazella dorcas) (Gur and Albayrak, 2010), Nubian Ibex (Capra ibex nubiana), Laristan sheep (Ovis orientalis laristani) and Gemsbok (Oryx gazellaa) (Couacy-Hymann et al, 2005;Kinne et al, 2010;Lembo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Host Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in peste des petits ruminants vaccines

Kumar

Barua

Riyesh

et al. 2017

Veterinary Microbiology

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease of small ruminants that leads to high morbidity and mortality thereby results in devastating economic consequences to the livestock industry. PPR is currently endemic across most parts of Asia and Africa, the two regions with the highest concentration of poor people in the world. Sheep and goats in particularly contribute significantly towards the upliftment of livelihood of the poor and marginal farmers in these regions. In this context, PPR directly affecting the viability of sheep and goat husbandry has emerged as a major hurdle in the development of these regions. The control of PPR in these regions could significantly contribute to poverty alleviation, therefore, the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) have targeted the control and eradication of PPR by 2030 a priority. In order to achieve this goal, a potent, safe and efficacious live-attenuated PPR vaccine with long-lasting immunity is available for immunoprophylaxis. However, the live-attenuated PPR vaccine is thermolabile and needs maintenance of an effective cold chain to deliver into the field. In addition, the infected animals cannot be differentiated from vaccinated animals. To overcome these limitations, some recombinant vaccines have been developed. This review comprehensively describes about the latest developments in PPR vaccines.

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Detection of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) Genome from Nasal Swabs of Dogs

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Peste des Petits Ruminants ( PPR ) virus serological surveillance in goats in Lao PDR : Issues for disease eradication in a low‐resource disease‐free setting

Advances in peste des petits ruminants vaccines

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