Detection of Perinatal Cytomegalovirus Infection and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Belgian Infants by Measurement of Automated Auditory Brainstem Response

Verbeeck, Jannick; Kerschaver, Erwin Van; Beuselinck, Kurt; Stappaerts, Luc; Ranst, Marc Van

doi:10.1128/jcm.00757-08

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Frequency of sensorineural hearing loss among congenitally infected children according to cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load at birth. Each group of bars represents measurements from a single study (listed in Table A5 [102][103][104][105][106][107]). In one study, [104] viral load was measured in urine and blood, so two sets of bars are presented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of cytomegalovirus shedding in bodily fluids and relevance to congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Cannon

Hyde

Schmid

2011

Reviews in Medical Virology

276

229

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SUMMARYCongenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are a leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and neurological impairment. Congenital transmission of CMV can occur with maternal primary infection, reactivation, or reinfection during pregnancy. We reviewed studies of CMV shedding in bodily fluids (defined as CMV detected by culture or CMV DNA detected by polymerase chain reaction). Following diagnosis at birth, children with congenital CMV infection exhibited the highest prevalences of CMV shedding (median = 80%, number of sample population prevalences [N] = 6) and duration of shedding, with a steep decline by age five. Healthy children attending day care shed more frequently (median = 23%, N = 24) than healthy children not attending day care (median = 12%, N = 11). Peak shedding prevalences in children occurred at 1-2 years of age, confirming that young children are the key transmission risk for pregnant women. CMV shedding among children was more prevalent in urine specimens than in oral secretions (median prevalence difference = 11.5%, N = 12). Adults with risk factors such as STD clinic attendance had higher shedding prevalences (median = 22%, N = 20) than adults without risk factors (median = 7%, N = 44). In adults with risk factors, CMV was shed more frequently in urine; in adults without risk factors genital shedding was most common. The prevalence of CMV shedding in nine sample populations of pregnant women increased with advancing gestation. In seven sample populations of children with congenital CMV infection, higher viral load at birth was consistently associated with an elevated risk of SNHL. Higher CMV viral load at birth also consistently correlated with the presence of symptoms of congenital CMV at birth. Published 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of cytomegalovirus shedding in bodily fluids and relevance to congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Cannon

Hyde

Schmid

2011

Reviews in Medical Virology

276

229

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“…In accordance with the previous report, our results also demonstrated that elevated IL-6 levels in UCB, reflecting an in utero initiation of the fetal response to perinatal events, were significantly associated with NHS test failure. Given that IL-6 is a well-known important mediator of host response to infection [ 22 ], which in turn is significantly involved in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing impairment [ 10 , 23 ], these observations are not unexpected and support the hypothesis that a systemic fetal inflammatory response may be detrimental to auditory function in preterm infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Inflammatory and Immune Proteins in Umbilical Cord Blood: Association with Hearing Screening Test Failure in Preterm Neonates

Shim

Choi

Park

et al. 2018

Mediators of Inflammation

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Objective We aimed to determine whether elevated levels of various inflammatory and immune proteins in umbilical cord blood are associated with an increased risk of newborn hearing screening (NHS) test failure in preterm neonates. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 127 premature singleton infants who were born at ≤33.6 weeks. Umbilical cord plasma at birth was assayed for interleukin (IL)-6, complement C3a and C5a, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and endostatin levels using ELISA kits. Neonatal blood C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured within 2 hours of birth. The primary outcome measure was a uni- or bilateral refer result on an NHS test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied. Results Fifteen (11.8%) infants failed the NHS test. In the univariate analyses, high IL-6 and low C3a levels in umbilical cord plasma, funisitis, and an elevated CRP level (>5 mg/L) in the immediate postnatal period were significantly associated with NHS test failure. However, the levels of umbilical cord plasma MMP-9, C5a, M-CSF, and endostatin were not significantly different between infants who passed and those who failed the NHS test. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that elevated umbilical cord plasma C3a levels were independently associated with a reduced risk of NHS test failure, whereas elevated levels of umbilical cord plasma IL-6 and high CRP levels in the immediate postnatal period were significantly associated with NHS test failure. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that in preterm neonates, a systemic fetal inflammatory response reflected by umbilical cord plasma IL-6 and immediate postnatal CRP levels may contribute to the risk for NHS test failure, whereas the changes in complement activation fragments initiated in utero may have protective effect of hearing screen failure.

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“…Among these studies, the frequency of SNHL in individuals with acquired CMV infection was slightly higher (19.78%) compared to the frequency of CMV infected individuals without SNHL (15.86%). However, given that only six studies could be selected for the metanalysis and the study of Verbeeck et al [ 25 ] contributed with 48% of the individuals, we cannot rule out a bias. Overall, according to the meta-analysis, CMV shows no association with SNHL, while the association with tinnitus has not been investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data were retrieved from each study and the following information was extracted: first author’s last name, year of publication, study design, population studied, case and control group definition, hearing results, method of ascertainment and determinant of viral-infection and relationship between acquired CMV infection and SNHL ( Table 1 ) [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on the Association of Acquired Human Cytomegalovirus Infection with Hearing Loss

Martínez-Gómez

Pérez-Carpena

Flook

et al. 2020

JCM

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Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection induces a clinical syndrome usually associated with hearing loss. However, the effect of acquired CVM infection in adults and children has not been clearly defined. The objective of this review is to critically appraise scientific evidence regarding the association of acquired CMV infection with postnatal hearing loss or tinnitus. A systematic review of records reporting sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) or tinnitus and acquired CMV infection including articles published in English was performed. Search strategy was limited to human studies with acquired CMV infection. After screening and quality assessment, nine studies involving 1528 individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 14% of patients with SNHL showed evidence of previous exposure to CMV, while in individuals without SNHL (controls) the percentage rose up to 19.3%. SNHL was reported as unilateral or bilateral in 15.3%, and not specified in 84.7% of cases. The degree of SNHL ranged from mild to profound for both children and adults. None of the records reported tinnitus. The prevalence of children or adults with acquired SNHL with a confirmed acquired CMV infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) or IgM anti-CMV antibodies is low. Phenotyping of patients with acquired CMV infection was limited to hearing loss by pure tone audiometry and no additional audiological testing was performed in most of the studies. Additional symptoms deserve more attention, including episodic vertigo or tinnitus, since some patients with the clinical spectrum of Meniere Disease could result from a CMV latent infection.

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Detection of Perinatal Cytomegalovirus Infection and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Belgian Infants by Measurement of Automated Auditory Brainstem Response

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Review of cytomegalovirus shedding in bodily fluids and relevance to congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Review of cytomegalovirus shedding in bodily fluids and relevance to congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Inflammatory and Immune Proteins in Umbilical Cord Blood: Association with Hearing Screening Test Failure in Preterm Neonates

A Systematic Review on the Association of Acquired Human Cytomegalovirus Infection with Hearing Loss

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