Detection of Parainfluenza Type 3 Virus Antigens in Goats

Abstract

Parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) is the most common virus infection of the respiratory tract of sheep and goats throughout the world. The virus belongs to family Paramyxoviridae of order Mononegaviralis, the non-segmented negative single stranded RNA viruses. Often, infection is complicated by coinfection with respiratory bacteria (Mannheimia haemolytica). In this study, detection of PI-3 virus as causative agent of pneumonia in goat kids was investigated.The virus was detected in lung tissues using direct immunofluorescence method (DFAT) with anti-PI-3 polyclonal antiserum conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (VMRD, cat. no. CJ-F-PI3-10ML). The samples were collected from twelve diseased goat kids from a farm where were diagnosed respiratory signs.The outbreak dynamics was characterized by high morbidity and mortality in goat kids aged between one to four weeks. Clinically all affected animals were presenting respiratory manifestation (coughing and nasal discharge). At the necropsy pneumonic apical and cardiac lobes in lungs were observed in all died goat kids. The positive result of DFAT was considered based on the specific fluorescence localized in the cytoplasm of bronchiolar epithelial cells.In the present research work, we demonstrated the suitability of the immunodetection of viral antigens in routinely fixed tissue specimens as a diagnostic tool for PI-3 infection in goats.

Pathological study and detection of Bovine parainfluenza 3 virus in pneumonic sheep lungs using direct immunofluorescence antibody technique

“…In the present study, the histopathological findings in BPI3V-positive pneumonic sheep lungs were similar to those described in pneumonic caprine lungs (Ceribasi et al 2012;Anita et al 2015;Kamdi et al 2020).…”

“…Foci of fluorescence were most commonly observed in these sites, indicating that the initial histopathological changes occur in lambs experimentally infected with the PI3 virus (Stevenson and Hore 1970). In previous works, the DFAT has successfully been used as a rapid diagnostic method for the research of PI3V (Gafer et al 2009;Ceribasi et al 2012;Ceribasi et al 2014;Anita et al 2015). These findings are in accordance with those obtained by Ceribasi et al (2014) where it was demonstrated that specific DFAT stainings for viral antigen in the pneumonic cattle lungs were intensively detected in the bronchiolar epithelium and less frequently in the alveolar epithelium as the size ranged from small to large homogeneous granular masses.…”

Investigation of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) virus by histopathological and immunohistochemical methods in sheep and goat

“…Investigations have been carried out with serological tests such as Virus Neutralization Test (VNT), ELISA, Immunofluorescent Antibody (IFA) and Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) for the prevalence of ruminant RSV and PI-3 agents (Franco et al, 2020;Tiwari et al, 2016). Immunohistochemical (IHC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Direct Fluorescent Antibody Technique, and Electron Microscope methods are currently used in the lung tissue of ruminant animals to show detailed RSV and PI-3 viruses (Aniță et al, 2015;Jarikre and Emikpe, 2017).…”

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

“…This non-segmented negative-sense genome single-stranded RNA virus belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family. PIV-3 can cause pneumonia by itself, however more often is it one of the pathogens of the etiological complex which causes enzootic pneumonia (Anita et al 2015). During the infection clinical signs such as nasal and ocular discharge, cough as well as dyspnea in severer cases, usually accompanied by fever and inappetence, have been observed (Contreras-Luna et al 2017).…”