Detection of open fractures with vertical seismic profiling
Abstract:In Vertical Seismic Profiling surveys tube waves are generated by compressional waves impinging on subsurface fractures or permeable zones. The problem of generation of these waves by a non-normal incident P wave for an inclined borehole intersecting a tilted parallel wall fracture is formulated theoretically. The amplitude of tube waves depends on the permeability. the length of the fracture, and on the frequency. The relative effects of these parameters are studied individually. The problem is also formulate… Show more
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